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1、TheImpactofDesignFeaturesofLanguageonForeignLanguageLearning 【Abstract】AccordingtoCharlesF.Hockett（1916-2000），anAmericanlinguisticanthropologist，therearefifteendesignfeaturesoflanguage.Theyareinterchangeability，feedback，specialization，semanticity，arbitrariness，discre
2、teness，displacement，productivity，grammaticalpatterning，idioms，culturaltransmission，duality，prevarication，relexiveness，andlearnabilityrespectively.Intheessay，thenotionthataforeignlanguagecanbelearnedandmasteredinashortperiodoftimeisdebatedbasedonhumanlanguage’sarbitrar
3、iness，productivity，displacement，andduality. 【Keywords】designfeatures；foreignlanguagelearning Humanlanguageisdistinctivefromlanguagesusedbyotherspeciesandadvantageousoveranimal“l(fā)anguage”，complicatedandflexible，andalsocapableofcreatingnewmeanings.Therearesomedesignfea
4、turesforlanguagedevelopedbyHockett.Amongthem，arbitrariness，productivity，displacement，anddualityareexploredinlightofforeignlanguagelearning. Arbitrarinessisreferredtothefactthattheformsoflinguisticsignsbearnonaturalrelationshiptotheirmeaning.Forexample，wecanfindnowayt
5、oexplainwhyadeskiscalled/desk/anda桌子（zhuozi）inChinese.It，inasense，constitutesafairlybigchallengeforaforeignlanguagelearnertohaveagoodcommandofthevocabularyofthetargetlanguage.Learnersgetpanicwhentheyfinallyunderstandtheword“water”indeedindicatessomethingthatwedrinkeve
6、ryday.TakeJapaneseandChineseforinstance，“丈夫”inChinesemeansthe“husband”，and“strong”or“everythingisok”instead；anotherstrikingcaseisthatthecharacter“娘”means“mother”inChineseandtheopposite，“daughter”inJapanese.Thusthelackofnaturalrelationshipbetweensignifierandsignifiedis
7、thebiggestproblemforaforeignlanguagelearner.Andthisproblemcanlesspredominantinstudyinghieroglyph，buthieroglyphisnolongerinuseuptoday. Dualityisanotherdistinctfeatureofhumanlanguagethatreferstothepropertyofhavinglevelsofstructures，unitsoftheprimarylevelbeingcomposedof
8、elementsofthesecondarylevelandeachlevelhavingitsownprincipalsoforganization.Inhumanlanguage，theelementsoftheprimarylevelares
