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1、陜西省榆林育才中學(xué)高中英語Unit1LivingwellGrammar導(dǎo)學(xué)案新人教版選修7學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):讓學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞不定式的用法;預(yù)習(xí)案語法感知:動(dòng)詞不定式的用法;讀下列句子,判斷動(dòng)詞不定式在句子中句子成分;1.Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.()2.Hewantedtogo.()3.IfinditveryinterestingtostudyEnglish.()4.Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim.()5.Thefarmersthoughtofwaystoprotectthe
2、ircrops.()6.Weturnedthelightsoffnottowasteelectricity.()7.Hehurriedtotheschool,onlytofindnobodythere.()8.Myjobistohelpthepatients.()9.Totellthetruth,Idon`tagreewithyou.()探究案Ⅰ.動(dòng)詞不定式的形式;一般式:todo/tobedone(表示的動(dòng)作通常與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或是在它之后發(fā)生)Iplantoattendthemeetingtob
3、eheldtomorrow.進(jìn)行式:tobedoing(不定式的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生)Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.完成式:tohavedone/tohavebeendone(不定式的動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)作所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生)I`mverysorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Ⅱ.動(dòng)詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu);1.帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式;有些動(dòng)詞能直接跟帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式;如:ask,tell,hop,decide,want,forget.,stop等。2.不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式
4、;1)在feel,hear,listento,let,make,have,see,,lookat,watch,notice.observe等使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后,動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)不帶to。Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.2)在wouldrather(wouldsooner,hadrather,hadsooner)----than,ratherthan等結(jié)構(gòu)中than之后用不帶to的不定式Iwouldrathergothanstay.3)在whydosth?Whynotdosth結(jié)構(gòu)中不帶toW
5、hynotdoitrightnow?4)在cannotbut,cannotchoosebut,cannothelpbut之后的動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to.Icannotbutadmirehiscourage.我只有佩服他的勇氣。1)動(dòng)詞不定式在介詞but,except,besides后面是,如果這些介詞之前有行為動(dòng)詞do的各種形式,那么這些介詞后的動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to,否則要帶toShecoulddonothingbutcry.Ihavenochoicebuttoacceptthefact.2)hadbetter后跟省略t
6、o的不定式。Youhadbettergohomenow.Ⅲ.動(dòng)詞不定式在句中的作用動(dòng)詞不定式在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語或狀語。1.作主語:①Todomorningexercisesisusefulforourhealth.②ToknowsomethingaboutEnglishisonething;toknowEnglishisquiteanother.2.作賓語:1)及物動(dòng)詞(短語)agree,want,wish,hope,refuse,manage,ask,offer,promise,pr
7、etend,decide,learn,determine,expect,beg,choose,force,intend,attempt,care,fail,hesitate,claim,long(v.),strive,plan,prepare,wouldlike(love,prefer)等后面要求接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。①Shehadagreedtogoandseeamoviewithhim.②Theywalkedbecausetheycouldn'taffordtotakeataxi.2)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語時(shí),若其
8、后跟一個(gè)賓語補(bǔ)足語,則往往用it作形式賓語,而將真正的賓語移至句末,以使句子重心后移,即構(gòu)成句型“主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+it+賓補(bǔ)(形容詞或名詞)+動(dòng)詞不定式(短語)+其它成分”。能用于這種句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞常見的有:think,feel,imagine,consider等。①Ithoughtitimpossibletoarrivethereinhalfanhour.②Ifeel