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1、周易研究2006年第3期(總第七十七期)漢易卦氣學(xué)的理論原理梁韋弦(福建師范大學(xué)社會歷史學(xué)院,福建福州350007)摘要:漢易卦氣學(xué)中陰陽二氣消長運行的原理保留了先秦《易傳》和《禮記·月令》中尊重自然規(guī)律的思想,同時也發(fā)展了《月令》中的陰陽災(zāi)異思想;天人感應(yīng)的原理是源自《洪范》“五事”“五征”思想,而于戰(zhàn)國后期以來被加以充分發(fā)揮并在技術(shù)上加以細(xì)化的天人感應(yīng)論;五行生克原理是用來說明造成某種災(zāi)異的具體原因的,對卦氣占筮體系的建立有重要作用;由五行生克理論派生的五行運數(shù)理論,主要被用于講王朝興衰更替問題,陰陽二氣消長運行的理
2、論對于氣論哲學(xué)的發(fā)展還是有積極影響的。天人感應(yīng)理論有為人道正義尋求支撐的意義,但卦氣學(xué)繁復(fù)的技術(shù)細(xì)節(jié)沖淡了這種意義,而用五行運數(shù)理論解釋世運興衰朝代更替,在本質(zhì)上與天人感應(yīng)學(xué)說是有矛盾的。關(guān)鍵詞:漢易;卦氣學(xué);陰陽二氣;天人感應(yīng);五行生克中圖分類號:B234;B221文獻標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:100323882(2006)0320073206TheoreticprinciplesintheGua2qitheoryoftheHanYitraditionLIANGWei2xian(SchoolofSociologyandHis
3、tory,FujianNormalUniversity,Fuzhou350007,China)Abstract:TheprinciplefortheascentanddescentofYinandYangintheGua2qitheory(correlatingthetri2gramsandhexagramstotheseasonalpointsaswellasdays)preservedthethoughtofveneratingthenaturallawconceivedintheYiZhuanandLijiyuel
4、ing(MonthlyCommandintheRecordsofRites)completedinthepre2Qinperiod.Meanwhile,theGua2qitheorydevelopedthethoughtofthecorrespondencebetweenheavenandhumanembracedintheMonthlyCommand,whiletheprincipleofthecorrespondencebetweenheavenandhumanoriginatesfromthecorrelation
5、betweenthe“fiveconducts”and“fiveappearances”elaboratedinChap2terHongfan(CardinalLawforStateGovernance)intheBookofHistory.ThecorrelationtheoryofthiswassufficientlyexpandedandtechnicallysophisticatedtothecorrespondencetheorybetweenheavenandhumaninthelateWarringStat
6、esperiod(4752221B.C.).Thetheoryforthemutualsupplementinganddestroyingbe2tweenthefiveelementswasappliedtoaccountforsomecatastropheandexertedgreatinfluencetotheestab2lishmentofthediviningsystemoftheGua2qitheory.Thetheoryofdestinybythefive2elementnumbersde2rivedfrom
7、themutualsupplementanddestructiontheorybetweenthefiveelementswaschieflyappliedtoex2plaintherise&declineofadynastyaswellastheshiftsbetweendynasties,whereasthetheoryofthewaxingandwaningbetweenYinandYangexertedpositiveinfluencesuponChinesephilosophyonQi.Thecorrespon
8、2dencebetweenheavenandhumantheorywasofsignificanceinseekingthepropforhumanecorrectitude,butthecomplicatedtechnicaldetailsoftheGua2qitheorywatereddownthissignif
