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HereisNewYork1
1E.B.懷特(E.B.White,1899—1985),生于紐約蒙特弗農(nóng),畢業(yè)于康奈爾大學(xué)?!岸兰o(jì)最偉大的隨筆作家”。作為《紐約客》主要撰稿人的懷特一手奠定了影響深遠(yuǎn)的“紐約客》文風(fēng)”。懷特對(duì)這個(gè)世界上的一切都充滿(mǎn)關(guān)愛(ài),他的道德與他的文章一樣山高水長(zhǎng)。除了他終生摯愛(ài)的隨筆之外,他還為孩子們寫(xiě)了三本書(shū):《斯圖爾特鼠小弟》(又譯《精靈鼠小弟》)、《夏洛的網(wǎng)》與《吹小號(hào)的天鵝》,同樣成為兒童與成人共同喜愛(ài)的文學(xué)經(jīng)典.2
2structureIntroductionpeoplefeltinNewYorkTheinsulationprovidedbyNewYorkConclusion(Para.1)(Paras.2-3)(Paras.4-6)(Paras.7-8)3
3PerhapsnoonehascapturedNewYorkCityaslyrically,andcertainlynoneasefficiently,asE.B.White.Thisbriefessayhasanamazingtimeless,freshqualitytoit,andisamarvelousintroductiontowhatpeoplestillloveaboutNewYorkCity.Lyricallyadv:抒情地;詩(shī)意地;狂熱地marvelousadj:了不起的;非凡的;令人驚異的;也許沒(méi)有人像E.B.懷特那樣抒情、那樣成功地捕捉到紐約這個(gè)城市。這篇短文向仍然熱愛(ài)紐約的人們展現(xiàn)了它永恒的經(jīng)典特質(zhì)。4
4Onanypersonwhodesiressuchqueerprizes,NewYorkwillbestowthegiftoflonelinessandthegiftofprivacy.Itisthislargessthataccountsforthepresencewithinthecity‘swallsofaconsiderablesectionofthepopulation;fortheresidentsofManhattanaretoalargeextentstrangerswhohavepulledupstakessomewhereandcometotown,seekingsanctuaryorfulfillmentorsomegreaterorlessergrail.queeradj.奇怪的;同性戀的;不舒服的;心智不平衡的bestowvt.贈(zèng)給,把…贈(zèng)與;把…給予,給(某人)以(獎(jiǎng)賞、稱(chēng)號(hào)等)(on,upon)largessn.慷慨的贈(zèng)予(或賜予)pulledupstakes搬家,遷址Sanctuaryn.避難所;至圣所;grailn.長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)夢(mèng)寐以求的東西紐約將孤寂與獨(dú)處當(dāng)作贈(zèng)禮,賜予所有向往這份奇特禮物的人們。紐約城內(nèi)數(shù)量龐大的居民中,沖著這份贈(zèng)禮而來(lái)此落腳的絕不在少數(shù);曼哈頓也因此聚集了眾多異鄉(xiāng)客,他們背井離鄉(xiāng)到此闖蕩,有的為了尋求庇護(hù),有的為了一展抱負(fù),還有的為了實(shí)現(xiàn)心中或大或小的愿望。5
5Thecapacity(tomakesuchdubiousgifts)isamysteriousqualityofNewYork.Itcandestroyanindividual,oritcanfulfillhim,dependingagooddealonluck.NooneshouldcometoNewYorktoliveunlessheiswillingtobelucky.dubiousadj.可疑的;無(wú)把握的;半信半疑的紐約之所以神秘,便在于它總能賜予這般撲朔迷離的饋贈(zèng),能使人萬(wàn)劫不復(fù),也能讓人飛黃騰達(dá),皆為運(yùn)氣使然。如果有誰(shuí)打算碰碰運(yùn)氣,不妨到紐約來(lái)。6
6NewYorkistheconcentrateofartandcommerceandsportandreligionandentertainmentandfinance,bringingtoasinglecompactarenathegladiator,theevangelist,thepromoter,theactor,thetrader,andthemerchant.Compact:n.合同,契約;小粉盒adj.緊湊的,緊密的;簡(jiǎn)潔的vt.使簡(jiǎn)潔;使緊密結(jié)合arena:n.舞臺(tái);競(jìng)技場(chǎng)gladiator:n.(古羅馬的)角斗士evangelist:n.巡回布道者紐約是藝術(shù)、商業(yè)、體育、宗教、娛樂(lè)、金融中心,將角斗士、福音布道牧師、推銷(xiāo)員、演員、股市黃牛和商賈各色人等推上一個(gè)緊湊的舞臺(tái)。7
7Itcarriesonitslapeltheunexpungeableodorofthelongpast,sothatnomatterwhereyousitinNewYorkyoufeelthevibrationsofgreattimesandtalldeeds,ofqueerpeopleandeventsandundertakings.lapel:n.西服上的翻領(lǐng)unexpungeableadj.無(wú)法擦掉的,無(wú)法抹去的nomatter沒(méi)關(guān)系,不要緊,不重要vibration:感應(yīng),共鳴talladj.高的;長(zhǎng)的;過(guò)分的;夸大的城市彰顯的特點(diǎn)是帶有一種無(wú)法抹煞的陳年久遠(yuǎn)的氣味,所以不管你坐在紐約的什么地方,你都會(huì)感受到偉大時(shí)代和荒誕行狀的回聲,還有那些奇人怪事和業(yè)績(jī)。8
8Iamsittingatthemomentinastiflinghotelroomin90-degreeheat,halfwaydownanairshaft,inmidtown.Noairmovesinoroutoftheroom,yetIamcuriouslyaffectedbyemanationsfromtheimmediatesurroundings.stiflingadj.令人窒息的;沉悶的emanations散發(fā)物此刻,氣溫高達(dá)華氏90度,我正坐在中城區(qū)一家酒店叫人透不過(guò)氣的客房里,置身于通風(fēng)井不上不下的位置。房間內(nèi)外沒(méi)有空氣流動(dòng),可稀奇的是我卻能感受到周?chē)l(fā)出的氣息.9
9Iam22blocksfromwhereRudolphValentinolayinstate,eightblocksfromwhereNathanHalewasexecuted,fiveblocksfromthepublisher'sofficewhereErnestHemingwayhitMaxEastmanonthenose,fourmilesfromwhereWaltWhitmansatsweatingouteditorialsforTheBrooklynEagle,34blocksfromthestreetWillaCatherlivedinwhenshecametoNewYorktowritebooksaboutNebraska,layinstate(遺體)停放于某處供瞻仰e.g.1)Helayinstate,foreverdisgraced.2)Thepresidentwaslaidinstatefortwodaysbeforehisstateinfuneral.Executed(尤指依法)將……處死sweatingout汗流浹背的此去22條馬路就是魯?shù)婪?瓦倫蒂諾大殮前供人瞻仰的地方;8條馬路之外是內(nèi)森?黑爾的刑場(chǎng);5條馬路之隔有家出版社,就在那辦公室里歐內(nèi)斯特?海明威曾猛擊邁克斯?伊斯特曼的鼻梁;過(guò)去4英里,那曾是沃爾特?惠特曼坐著揮汗為布魯克林《鷹報(bào)》撰寫(xiě)社論的地方;34條馬路之外是薇拉?凱瑟來(lái)紐約時(shí)住過(guò)的那條街,在那兒她寫(xiě)下了關(guān)于內(nèi)布拉斯加的幾部作品;10
10oneblockfromwhereMarcelineusedtoclownontheboardsoftheHippodrome,36blocksfromthespotwherethehistorianJoeGouldkickedaradiotopiecesinfullviewofthepublic,13blocksfromwhereHarryThawshotStanfordWhite,fiveblocksfromwhereIusedtousherattheMetropolitanOperaandonly112blocksfromthespotwhereClarenceDaytheelderwaswashedofhissinsintheChurchoftheEpiphany(Icouldcontinuethislistindefinitely);clownv.扮小丑,做蠢事,胡鬧ushern.領(lǐng),接,招待離此一條馬路之隔乃是馬塞林經(jīng)常表演丑角的大馬戲場(chǎng);36條馬路之外,歷史學(xué)家佐?古爾德曾在眾目睽睽之下把一臺(tái)收音機(jī)踹成碎片;13條馬路之外是哈利?索奧射殺斯坦福?懷特的現(xiàn)場(chǎng);距此5條馬路,是我當(dāng)年當(dāng)領(lǐng)座員的大都會(huì)歌劇院;克萊倫斯?戴的父親清洗罪孽的顯圣堂離這兒也不過(guò)112條馬路。(我可以列舉無(wú)數(shù)多的名人軼事)11
11andforthatmatterIamprobablyoccupyingtheveryroomthatanynumberofexaltedandsomewisememorablecharacterssatin,someofthemonhot,breathlessafternoons,lonelyandprivateandfulloftheirownsenseofemanationsfromwithout.forthatmatter對(duì)……同樣如此exaltedadj.高貴的,尊貴的,顯貴的somewiseadv.以某種方式依同理,我此刻置身居的客房可能被多少顯貴和在某一方面值得緬懷的人物使用過(guò),其中某些人在悶熱的下午,同樣感到落寞而離群,又滿(mǎn)懷各人對(duì)于從戶(hù)外傳來(lái)的人事影響的敏感。12
12WhenIwentdowntolunchafewminutesagoInoticedthatthemansittingnexttome(abouteighteeninchesawayalongthewall)wasFredStone.TheeighteeninchesareboththeconnectionandtheseparationthatNewYorkprovidesforitsinhabitants.MyonlyconnectionwithFredStonewasthatIsawhiminTheWizardofOzaroundthebeginningofthecentury.ButourwaiterfeltthesamestimulusfrombeingclosetoamanfromOz,andafterMr.Stonelefttheroomthewaitertoldmethatwhenhe(thewaiter)wasayoungmanjustarrivedinthiscountryandbeforehecouldunderstandawordofEnglish,hehadtakenhisgirlfortheirfirsttheaterdatetoTheWizardofOz.幾分鐘前我下樓進(jìn)午餐,曾注意到鄰座(沿墻約18英寸之外)竟是弗雷德?斯通。18英寸乃是紐約為其居民提供的人與人之間既聯(lián)系又分隔的距離。我與弗雷德?斯通的唯一聯(lián)系是,大概在世紀(jì)初吧,我看過(guò)他在《綠野仙蹤》中的表演。但是我們的侍者因?yàn)榻嚯x的接觸“綠巨人”同樣受到的刺激,當(dāng)斯通先生一離去侍者就告訴我,他初到美國(guó)時(shí)還是個(gè)年輕小伙而且不懂英語(yǔ)時(shí),和女友的第一次約會(huì)就是觀看綠野仙蹤。13
13Itwasawonderfulshow,thewaiterrecalled—amanofstraw,amanoftin.Wonderful!(Andstillonlyeighteeninchesaway.)“Mr.Stoneisaveryheartyeater,”saidthewaiterthoughtfully,contentwiththisfragileparticipationindestiny,thislinkwithOz.heartyadj.大的,豐盛的heartyappetite好胃口演出可精彩啦,侍者回憶道,稻草人,鐵皮人。妙不可言?。ㄈ栽?8英寸之外)“斯通先生吃東西真是好胃口,”侍者若有所思地說(shuō),因?yàn)楦熬G野”扯上了關(guān)系而心滿(mǎn)意足,雖說(shuō)那紐帶一碰就斷,也算是有緣的參與吧。14
142022/10/2115
15NewYorkblendsthegiftofprivacywiththeexcitementofparticipation;andbetterthanmostdensecommunitiesitsucceedsininsulatingtheindividual(ifhewantsit,andalmosteverybodywantsorneedsit)againstallenormousandviolentandwonderfuleventsthataretakingplaceeveryminute.SinceIhavebeensittinginthismiasmicairshaft,agoodmanyrathersplashyeventshaveoccurredintown.blendAwithB:把A與B混合,融合insulate:隔離,使隔離miasmic:酶氣撲鼻的splashy:顯眼的,惹人注意的翻譯:紐約把私隱這個(gè)禮物禮物和親歷參與的激動(dòng)融合在一起。和大多數(shù)人口密集的社區(qū),紐約更能使個(gè)人(只要你愿意,而幾乎每個(gè)人都愿意并需要這樣)與外界每一分鐘發(fā)生的巨大的、暴力的、精彩的事件完全絕緣。我坐在這難聞的的通風(fēng)井處已有一會(huì)兒,城里已發(fā)生了許多惹人注意的事件。16
16Amanshotandkilledhiswifeinafitofjealousy.Itcausednostiroutsidehisblockandgotonlysmallmentioninthepapers.Ididnotattend.Sincemyarrival,thegreatestairshoweverstagedinalltheworldtookplaceintown.Ididn’tattendandneitherdidmostoftheeightmillionotherinhabitants,althoughtheysaytherewasquiteacrowd.Ididn’tevenhearanyplanesexceptacoupleofwestboundcommercialairlinersthathabituallyusethisairshafttoflyover.fit:(強(qiáng)烈感情的)一陣發(fā)作stir:轟動(dòng),攪拌stage:舉行,上演westbound:向西行的翻譯:一名男子妒火中燒,開(kāi)槍射殺妻子。這件事竟沒(méi)有在社區(qū)之外引起轟動(dòng),僅在報(bào)上簡(jiǎn)要提了一下。我沒(méi)有參加。自從我我來(lái)到這里,在全世界登過(guò)臺(tái)的飛行表演在紐約舉行,我沒(méi)去參觀,800萬(wàn)居民中的多數(shù)人也沒(méi)去,盡管他們說(shuō)觀眾人數(shù)不少。我甚至沒(méi)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)飛機(jī)的轟鳴,只有按常例從這兒通風(fēng)井上空飛過(guò)的一兩個(gè)西去的商業(yè)航班。17
17ThebiggestoceangoingshipsontheNorthAtlanticarrivedanddeparted.Ididn’tnoticethemandneitherdidmostotherNewYorkers.Iamtoldthisisthegreatestseaportintheworld,with650milesofwaterfront,andshipscallingherefrommanyexoticlands,buttheonlyboatI’vehappenedtonoticesincemyarrivalwasasmallslooptackingoutoftheEastRivernightbeforelastontheebbtidewhenIwaswalkingacrosstheBrooklynBridge.Waterfront:(城市的)濱水地區(qū);水邊土地exotic:外來(lái)的,外國(guó)的sloop:單桅小帆船tack:(使船)搶風(fēng)轉(zhuǎn)變航向ebb:退潮,落潮翻譯:幾艘北大西洋最大的海輪抵達(dá)又離開(kāi)這里。我沒(méi)有注意,大多數(shù)其他紐約人也是這樣。別人告訴我說(shuō)這兒是全世界最大的海港,濱水碼頭區(qū)長(zhǎng)達(dá)650英里,從其他國(guó)家駛來(lái)的航船在此停泊。不過(guò)來(lái)此以后我碰巧注意過(guò)的只是一艘小小的單桅帆船曲折地駛出東河。那是在前天夜里的退潮時(shí)分,我正步行跨越布魯克林大橋。18
18IheardtheQueenMaryblowonemidnight,though,andthesoundcarriedthewholehistoryofdepartureandlongingandloss.TheLionshavebeeninconvention.I‘veseennotoneLion.Afriendofminesawoneandtoldmeabouthim.(Hewaslame,andwaswearingabolero.)Lions:要人,勇猛之士,名人bolero:敞胸短上衣翻譯:但是,在有一天的半夜,我也曾聽(tīng)到“瑪麗王后”拉響汽笛,那聲音帶著濃濃的離緒,又有期盼和失落。名流們?cè)谶@里開(kāi)大會(huì),我卻一個(gè)名人都未見(jiàn)到。我的一個(gè)朋友倒是見(jiàn)過(guò)一位,還把這人的模樣告訴了我:是個(gè)瘸子,穿了件敞胸的短上衣。19
19Attheballgroundsandhorseparksthegreatestsportingspectacleshavebeenenacted.Isawnoballplayer,noracehorse.Thegovernorcametotown.Iheardthesirenscream,butthatwasalltherewastothat—aneighteen-inchmarginagain.Amanwaskilledbyafallingcornice.Iwasnotapartytothetragedy,andagaintheinchescountedheavily.siren:汽笛,警報(bào)器cornice:上楣,飛檐翻譯:在這里的球場(chǎng)和賽馬場(chǎng)有最盛大的體育比賽。我沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)一名球員或一匹賽馬。州長(zhǎng)大駕光臨。我聽(tīng)得警笛長(zhǎng)鳴,所知也就僅限于此了——又是18英寸間隔的證明。一名男子被墜落的屋檐砸死。我與這出悲劇全無(wú)干系,以英寸度量的距離又一次彰顯無(wú)遺。20
20ImentiontheseeventsmerelytoshowthatNewYorkispeculiarlyconstructedtoabsorbalmostanythingthatcomesalong(whethera1000-footlineroutoftheEastora20,000-manconventionoutoftheWest)withoutinflictingtheeventonitsinhabitants;comes?along出現(xiàn),來(lái)到,發(fā)生liner客輪我提到這些事情只是為了說(shuō)明,紐約的結(jié)構(gòu)真是夠特別的,可以吸納幾乎任何一件發(fā)生在此的事情(不論是從東方駛來(lái)的長(zhǎng)達(dá)一千英尺的班輪,還是一次從西方來(lái)的兩萬(wàn)人大會(huì)),而不使事情強(qiáng)行影響本市居民。21
21sothateveryeventis,inasense,optional,andtheinhabitantisinthehappypositionofbeingabletochoosehisspectacleandsoconservehissoul.Inmostmetropolises,smallandlarge,thechoiceisoftennotwiththeindividualatall.Heisthrowntothelions.TheLionsareoverwhelming;the?event?isunavoidable.conserve保存,保護(hù)metropolises(一國(guó)或一地區(qū)的)首要城市;大都會(huì)overwhelming壓倒一切的因此,從某種意義上說(shuō),每個(gè)事件都有可供選擇的余地,居民們大可隨心所欲地選擇心儀的場(chǎng)景來(lái)體味,保護(hù)其靈魂免受侵害。在許多都市里,無(wú)論是大都會(huì)還是小城市,個(gè)人往往沒(méi)有這種選擇的自由。他必然會(huì)同獅子會(huì)會(huì)員們狹路相逢。獅子會(huì)會(huì)員無(wú)處不在,各種事件避無(wú)可避。22
22Acornicefalls,thatithitseverycitizenonthehead,everylastmanintown.IsometimesthinkthattheonlyeventthathitseveryNewYorkerontheheadistheannualSt.Patrick’sDayparade,whichisfairlypenetrating—theIrishareahardracetotuneout,thereare500,000oftheminresidence,andtheyhavethepoliceforcerightinthefamily.cornice檐口penetrating彌漫的;滲透的tune?out不理睬,置之不理倘有屋檐墜落,那就相當(dāng)于砸在每個(gè)公民的頭上,沒(méi)有誰(shuí)可以幸免。我有時(shí)想,真能砸到每個(gè)紐約人頭上的大事惟有一年一度的圣帕特里克節(jié)大游行了。這場(chǎng)活動(dòng)滲透到每個(gè)角落——愛(ài)爾蘭人容不得別人不把自己當(dāng)回事,在全城居民中占了50萬(wàn),而家中干警察這一行的還特別多。23
23The?quality?in?New?York?thatinsulatesits?inhabitants?from?life?may?simply?weaken?them?asindividuals.?Perhaps?it?is?healthier?to?live?in?a?community?where,?when?a?cornice?falls,?you?feel?theblow;?where,?when?the?governor?passes,?you?seeat?any?ratehis?hat.insulate:隔離,使孤立;使絕緣,使隔熱at?any?rate無(wú)論如何,至少紐約城把居民與生活隔絕的特質(zhì)可能只會(huì)弱化個(gè)體。也許,個(gè)人生活在一個(gè)這樣的社區(qū)更為健康:當(dāng)屋檐墜落,應(yīng)當(dāng)感覺(jué)就像砸在自己頭上一樣;當(dāng)州長(zhǎng)路過(guò),至少能見(jiàn)到他的帽子。24
24IamnotdefendingNewYorkinthisregard.Manyofitssettlersareprobablyheremerelytoescape,notface,reality.Butwhateveritmeans,itisarather?raregift,andIbelieveithasapositiveeffectonthecreativecapacitiesofNewYorkers—forcreationisinpartmerelythebusinessofforgoingthegreatandsmalldistractions.forgoing:摒絕的,放棄的distractions:使人分心的事物說(shuō)到這點(diǎn),我并不是在為紐約辯護(hù)。很多人選擇這里落腳也許只是為了逃避現(xiàn)實(shí),而不是面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。但無(wú)論如何,這都是非常希罕的禮物,而且我也相信這給紐約客的創(chuàng)造力帶來(lái)了積極的影響——因?yàn)樵谝欢ǔ潭壬?,?chuàng)造就是將大大小小令人分心的事物拋之腦后的過(guò)程25
25Although?New?York?often?imparts?a?feeling?of?greatforlornnessorforsakenness,?it?seldomseemsdeadorunresourceful;andyoualwaysfeelthateitherbyshiftingyourlocationten?blocksorbyreducingyourfortune?by?five?dollars?you?canexperiencerejuvenation.forlornness:孤獨(dú),凄涼=lonelinessforsakenness:被拋棄unresourceful:無(wú)法應(yīng)對(duì)的,無(wú)法解決的盡管紐約常常帶給人一種強(qiáng)烈的失落感或被遺棄感,但她卻很少顯得死氣沉沉或乏味無(wú)趣,你總會(huì)生出如下想法:只需變換一下位置,搬到10個(gè)街區(qū)以外,或者稍稍破一下財(cái),花掉5美元,你就能立刻重獲生機(jī),神采奕奕。26
26Manypeoplewhohavenorealindependenceofspiritdependonthecity'stremendousvarietyandsourcesofexcitementforspiritualsustenanceandmaintenanceofmorale.Inthecountrythereareafewchancesofsuddenrejuvenation-ashiftinweather,perhaps,orsomethingarrivinginthemail.ButinNewYorkthechancesareendless.tremendous:極大的,巨大的;驚人的sustenance:食物;生計(jì);支持morale:士氣,斗志rejuvenation:回春,返老還童;復(fù)壯,恢復(fù)活力許多缺乏自主精神的人紛紛從紐約城的多姿多彩及令人興奮的活動(dòng)中尋求支柱,支撐和維系他們的精神和信念。在這個(gè)國(guó)家的其他地方,這種立竿見(jiàn)影的“重生”機(jī)會(huì)少之又少——或許只有天氣的變化或新到的郵件才能帶來(lái)些許驚喜。但在紐約,這種機(jī)會(huì)卻是無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的。27
27Ithinkthatalthoughmanypersonsareherefromsomeexcessofspirit(whichcausedthemtobreakawayfromtheirsmalltown),some,too,areherefromadeficiencyofspirit,whofindinNewYorkaprotection,oraneasysubstitution.someexcessofspirit:精力旺盛在我看來(lái),盡管有不少人來(lái)到紐約是因?yàn)樗麄兓盍^(guò)剩,無(wú)法宣泄(這促使他們背井離鄉(xiāng),來(lái)到紐約),同時(shí),也不乏一些人是因?yàn)榫駞T乏才來(lái)到紐約,在這里尋求庇護(hù)或某種輕而易舉就能得到的替代品28
28Thankyou!29
292022/10/2130