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1、XK5040數(shù)控立式銑床及控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)85摘要數(shù)控機(jī)床即數(shù)字程序控制機(jī)床，是一種自動(dòng)化機(jī)床，數(shù)控技術(shù)是數(shù)控機(jī)床研究的核心，是制造業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、柔性化、集成化的基礎(chǔ)。隨著制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展，現(xiàn)代數(shù)控機(jī)床借助現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)、工序集約化和新的功能部件使機(jī)床的加工范圍、動(dòng)態(tài)性能、加工精度和可靠性有了極大的提高。本文主要對(duì)XK5040數(shù)控立式銑床及控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，首先分析立式銑床的加工特點(diǎn)和加工要求確定其主參數(shù)，包括運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力參數(shù)；根據(jù)主參數(shù)和設(shè)計(jì)要求進(jìn)行主運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)和控制系統(tǒng)硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)。主要進(jìn)行主運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)和進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及滾珠絲杠和步進(jìn)電機(jī)的選型和校核；對(duì)于控制系
2、統(tǒng)由于這里主要針對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)型數(shù)控銑床的設(shè)計(jì)，這里采用步進(jìn)電機(jī)開(kāi)環(huán)控制，計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)采用高性能價(jià)格比的MCS-51系列單片擴(kuò)展系統(tǒng)，主要進(jìn)行中央處理單元的選擇、存儲(chǔ)器擴(kuò)展和接口電路設(shè)計(jì)。由于本文采用8031單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)，因此，設(shè)計(jì)出的立式銑床性能價(jià)格比高，滿(mǎn)足經(jīng)濟(jì)性要求。可實(shí)用于加工精度較高的場(chǎng)合。關(guān)鍵詞數(shù)控技術(shù)；立式銑床；設(shè)計(jì)85ABSTRACTThenumericalcontrolenginebedisthedigitalprocesscontrolenginebed,isonekindofautomatedenginebed,thenumericalcontroltechnol
3、ogyisthecorewhichthenumericalcontrolenginebedstudies,isthemanufacturingindustryrealizationautomation,thenetwork,theflexibility,theintegratedfoundation.Alongwiththemanufacturetechnologydevelopment,themodernnumericalcontrolenginebedwiththeaidofthemoderndesigntechnology,theworkingprocedureinten
4、sificationandthenewfunctionpartcausedtheenginebedtheprocessingscope,thedynamicperformance,theprocessingprecisionandthereliabilityhadtheenormousenhancement.ThisarticlemainlycarriesonthedesigntotheXK5040numericalcontrolverticalmillingmachineandthecontrolsystem,firstanalyzestheverticalmillingma
5、chinetheprocessingcharacteristicandtheprocessingrequestdeterminesitshostparameter,includingmovementanddynamicparameter;Carryonthehostkinematicschemeaccordingtothehostparameterandthedesignrequest,entersforthesystemandthecontrolsystemhardwarecircuitdesign.Mainlycarriesonthehostkinematicschemea
6、ndentersforthesystemmechanismdesignandtheballbearingguidescrewandelectricsteppingmotorshapingandtheexamination;Regardingcontrolsystembecauseheremainlyaimsattheeconomynumericalcontrolmillingmachinethedesign,hereuseselectricsteppingmotoropen-loopcontrol,thecomputersystemusesthehighperformancep
7、ricecomparedtotheMCS-51seriesmonolithicexpansionsystem,mainlycarriesonthecentralprocessingelementthechoice,thememoryexpansionandtheconnectioncircuitdesign.Becausethisarticleuses8,031monolithicintegratedcircuitscontrolsystem,therefore,designsthevert
