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1、QuantumerasurebytransverseindistinguishabilityP.H.SoutoRibeiro1?,S.P′adua2,andC.H.Monken21InstitutodeF′?sica,UniversidadeFederaldoRiodeJaneiro,CaixaPostal68528,RiodeJaneiro,RJ22945-970,Brazil2DepartamentodeF′?sica,UniversidadeFederaldeMinasGerais,CaixaPostal702,BeloHor
2、izonte,MG30123-970,Brazil(February1,2008)Weshowthatthe?rstexperimentwithdouble-slitsandtwinphotonsdetectedincoincidencecanbeunderstoodasaquantumeraser.The“whichpath”informationiserasedbytransverseindistinguishabilityobtainedbymeansofmode?lteringinthetwinconjugatedbeam.
3、Adelayedchoicequantumeraserbasedonthesameschemeisproposed.42.50.Ar,42.25.KbI.INTRODUCTIONII.THEDOUBLE-SLITEXPERIMENTWITHTWINPHOTONSStudyingQuantumPhysicsexperimentallyhasbecomemucheasierwiththeuseofthetwinphotonsproducedLetusbrie?yrecallthemainideabehindtheexper-inthes
4、pontaneousparametricdown-conversionprocess.imentdescribedinRef.[5].Fig.1showsasketchofManyoftheexperimentsperformedsofar,arerealiza-theset-up.Twinphotonsareproducedintheprocessoftionsofdi?erentkindsofinterferometers.Theseinter-spontaneousparametricdown-conversionandthe
5、yareferometersallowustoimproveourunderstandingofthedetectedincoincidence.Thesignalphotonispassednatureoflightandmatter.Itisconvenienttothinkthesethroughadouble-slitandtheidlerphotongoesstraightinterferometers,asdividedintwocategories:theonestothedetector.Coincidencefri
6、ngesaredetectedbydis-utilizingthelongitudinaldegreesoffreedomofthe?eldplacingtransverselythesignaldetector,whichisaftertheandtheonesutilizingitstransversedegreesoffreedom.slitsandkeepingtheidlerdetector?xed.ItwasshownWecalllongitudinalinterferometers,theonesofthethatth
7、ecoincidencepro?leexhibitedinterferencefringes,typeofMichelson’sandMach-Zehnder’sinterferometers.evenwhenintensityfringeswerenotobserved.Alargenumberofexperimentswithtwinphotonshasbeenperformedwiththem.SomeexamplesarethoseofRefs.[1–3].Thetransverseinterferometers,areth
8、eonesofthekindofthedouble-slitorYounginterferometers.SomeexamplesaregiveninRefs.[4–10].Theseinterfer-ometersareimport
