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1、LABORATORYScience—AProcessIIOVERVIEWScienceisawayofexaminingandfindingorderinthenaturalworld.Itisadynamicprocessofaskingquestionsandthenseekinganswers.Observationsleadustoformulatequestionsand,withourlimitedknowledge,wemayoffertentativeexplanationsormakeeducatedguessesaboutthean
2、swerstoourquestions.Scientistscallatentativeexplanationahypothesis.Experimentationfollows,providinginformationthatmaysupportorrefuteahypothesis.Fromdata,oftenreinforcedbystatistics,conclusionscanbemadeaboutwhatitiswewishtoknow.Inthislaboratory,youwillinvestigatereactiontime—thel
3、engthoftimeittakestoreacttoastimulus.Ifavailable,acomputer-generatedreactiontimeprogramwillbeused.Alesscomplexseriesoftestscanbeconductedwithouttheuseofacomputer.Byformulatinghypotheses,designingexperiments,andanalyzingdata,youwillengageintheprocessofscience.PleaseNote:Duringyou
4、rlaboratorycourse,youwilloftenberequiredtoformulatehypothesesanddesigninvestigationsintheProceduresectionofanexercise.Youwillalsohavetheopportunitytodesignyourownexperimentstoapplywhatyouhavelearned.TheseexperimentsaredesignatedasExtendingYourInvestigation.Someofthesearedesigned
5、asclassexperiments;othersareintendedtobecarriedoutathome.LaboratoryIprovidesyouwiththebasictoolstocarryoutscientificinvestigationsandthestatisticaltoolstoevaluateyourresults.STUDENTPREPARATIONBeforecomingtothelaboratory,completeExerciseAandsteps1and2ofExerciseF.EXERCISEATheScien
6、tificMethodThescientificapproachisapowerfulmethodforunderstandingthenaturalworldbecauseitisbasedonobservationsofhowtheworldworks.However,notjustanyobservationswilldo:theobservationsmustbesystematicandobjective.Themethodformakingtheseobservationsissometimesbrokendownintoaseriesof
7、stepsreferredtoasthescientificmethod.Thescientificmethodofinquiryisanimportantpartofeverythingwedoinourdailylives;wesimplydonotrecognizethestepsbecausewearesousedtothem.Scientificinquiryinvolvesthestepsoutlinedbelow.I-2LaboratoryIProblemYouwanttofindoutwhetheracombinationofanti-
8、cholesteroldrugsXandYismoreeffectiveinreducingh
