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1、摘要摘要本文針對鞍鋼工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的HQ500DB和HQ620DB超低碳貝氏體鋼,采用裂紋敏感性指數(shù)、焊接熱影響區(qū)最高硬度試驗和斜Y形坡口拘束焊接裂紋試驗對其焊接冷裂紋敏感性進行了評價;采用焊接熱模擬方法研究了模擬焊接熱影響區(qū)組織和低溫沖擊韌性隨線能量的演變規(guī)律;采用自行研制的YS800焊絲,對氣體保護焊接頭的力學(xué)性能進行了工藝評定。模擬了焊前預(yù)熱、焊前不預(yù)熱和焊后激光熱處理等三種不同條件下激光焊接熱影響區(qū)的熱過程,對其組織和力學(xué)性能進行了分析和測試。結(jié)果表明,超低碳貝氏體鋼焊接熱影響區(qū)具有較低的淬硬傾向和冷裂紋敏感性,當(dāng)板厚為20mnl時焊前無需預(yù)熱;該鋼種適應(yīng)于小線能量焊接工藝,其最
2、佳線能量范圍為14.25kJ·cm"1,采用線能量18kJ·em。的氣體保護焊時接頭具有優(yōu)異的拉伸、冷彎和低溫沖擊性能;隨焊接線能量增大,模擬焊接粗晶區(qū)原奧氏體晶粒尺寸增大,貝氏體鐵索體板條寬化,有效晶粒尺寸粗化,導(dǎo)致該區(qū)域的沖擊韌性下降;超低碳貝氏體鋼模擬激光焊接熱影響區(qū)的硬度遠高于母材,采用焊前預(yù)熱和焊后激光回火,能顯著降低該區(qū)域的最高硬度和硬度梯度。關(guān)鍵詞超低碳貝氏體鋼:焊接熱影響區(qū);組織;性能;激光焊接燕山人學(xué)上學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文AbstractTheweldabilityoftwocommereialultra-lowcarbonbainiticsteel.HQ500DBan
3、dHQ620DBofferedbyAnshansteelwasevaluatedusingacombinationofcalculationofcrackingsusceptibilityindexPcm,restrainedY-groovedepositingtest,HAZmaximumhardnessevaluationtest.nemicrostructureandmechanicalpropertyexaminationsontheGleeblesimulatedcoarse—grainheat—affectedzones(CGHAZ)ofuniversalarcweld
4、ing,aswellaS,highpowerenergylaserweldingandthegaS—metal—arC—welded(MIG)jointwasalsocarriedout.Itisshownthatthesetwosteelshadalowhardenabilityandcold-crackingunderaof50。Corabovesusceptibilityduringweldingpreheatingtemperatureandalargerestraint.Whenaenergyinputaslowas14-25kJ‘cmlwasimposed,theCGH
5、AZwasmainlycomposedoffinelath—likebainiticferritepocketswithdifferentdirectionsinoccupationeachother,aconsiderableamountofretainedausteniteinterlayerandasmallamountofM—Aconstituentintheprioraustcnitegrain,whichresultedinatoughmicmstructure、vitilhi曲resistancetobrittlecrocking.Excellentmechanica
6、lpropertiescarlbeobtainedbyusingYS800wireasthefillermetaland18kJ+cm“orsoastheheatinputweldingenergy.The11ighpowerlaSerweldingissuitableforthistypeofsteelforthereasonatougherandalittleharderHAZcouldbeobtained,船wellas,themaximumhardnessandtheste印harnessdistributioncouldbesoothedbybothpreheattrea
7、tmentandlaSertemperingasanaccessorialoperation.KeywordsUltralowbainiticsteel,HAZ,microstructure,properties,laserweldingⅡ第1章緒論第1章緒論1.1選題的背景和意義現(xiàn)代超低碳貝氏體鋼(ultra-lowcarbonbainiticsteel,ULCB)是一類高強度、高韌性、多用途新型鋼種?。它的出現(xiàn)是近三十年來社會需求和現(xiàn)代冶金技術(shù)發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果。由于