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1、RESEARCH
2、REPORTSBIODEGRADATIONbersofthefilamentousfungiFusariumoxy-sporumandF.solani,whichhavebeenshowntogrowonamineralmediumcontainingPETAbacteriumthatdegradesandyarns[althoughnogrowthlevelswerespeci-fied(5,6)].Onceidentified,microorganismswithassimilatespoly(ethyleneterephthalate)theenzymatic
3、machineryneededtodegradePETcouldserveasanenvironmentalremediationstrategyaswellasadegradationand/orfermen-1,2134ShosukeYoshida,*KazumiHiraga,ToshihikoTakehana,IkuoTaniguchi,tationplatformforbiologicalrecyclingofPET1552wasteproducts.HironaoYamaji,YasuhitoMaeda,KiyotsunaToyohara,KenjiMiyamoto,?Yo
4、shiharuKimura,4KoheiOda1?Wecollected250PETdebris–contaminateden-vironmentalsamplesincludingsediment,soil,Poly(ethyleneterephthalate)(PET)isusedextensivelyworldwideinplasticproducts,anditswastewater,andactivatedsludgefromaPETaccumulationintheenvironmenthasbecomeaglobalconcern.Becausetheabilityto
5、bottlerecyclingsite(7).Usingthesesamples,enzymaticallydegradePEThasbeenthoughttobelimitedtoafewfungalspecies,wescreenedformicroorganismsthatcouldusebiodegradationisnotyetaviableremediationorrecyclingstrategy.Byscreeningnaturallow-crystallinity(1.9%)PETfilmasthemajormicrobialcommunitiesexposedto
6、PETintheenvironment,weisolatedanovelbacterium,carbonsourceforgrowth.OnesedimentsampleIdeonellasakaiensis201-F6,thatisabletousePETasitsmajorenergyandcarbonsource.containedadistinctmicrobialconsortiumthatWhengrownonPET,thisstrainproducestwoenzymescapableofhydrolyzingPETandtheformedonthePETfilmupo
7、nculturing(Fig.1A)reactionintermediate,mono(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalicacid.BothenzymesarerequiredtoandinducedmorphologicalchangeinthePETenzymaticallyconvertPETefficientlyintoitstwoenvironmentallybenignmonomers,film(Fig.1B).Microscopyrevealedthatthecon-terephthalicacidandethyleneglycol.sortiumo
8、nthefilm,termed“no.46,”contained1lasticswithdesirablepropertiessuchasdegradation(2,3).About56milliontonsofPETDepartmentofAppliedBiology,FacultyofTextileScience,durability,plasticity,and/ortransparencywasproducedworldwidein2013alon
