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1、PricinginComputerNetworks:ReshapingtheResearchAgendaS.ShenkerD.ClarkD.EstrinS.HerzogXeroxPARCMITUSC/ISIUSC/ISIshenker@parc.xerox.comddc@lcs.mit.eduestrin@usc.eduherzog@isi.eduAbstractAstheInternetmakesthetransitionfromresearchtestbedtocommercialenter-prise,thetopicofpricingincomputernetworks
2、hassuddenlyattractedgreatattention.Muchofthediscussioninthenetworkdesigncommunityandthepopularpresscentersontheusage-basedvs.
atpricingdebate.Themoreacademicliteraturehaslargelyfo-cusedondevisingoptimalpricingpolicies;achievingoptimalwelfarerequireschargingmarginalcongestioncostsforusage.Int
3、hispaperwecritiquethisoptimalityparadigmonthreegrounds:(1)marginalcostpricesmaynotproducesucientrevenuetofullyrecovercostsandsoareperhapsoflimitedrelevance,(2)congestioncostsareinher-entlyinaccessibletothenetworkandsocannotreliablyformthebasisforpricing,and(3)thereareother,morestructural,go
4、alsbesidesoptimality,andsomeofthesegoalsareincompatiblewiththeglobaluniformityrequiredforoptimalpricingschemes.Forthesereasons,wecontendthattheresearchagendaonpricingincomputernet-workshouldshiftawayfromtheoptimalityparadigmandfocusmoreonstructuralandarchitecturalissues.Suchissuesincludeallo
5、winglocalcontrolofpricingpolicies,fosteringinterconnection,handlingmulticastappropriately,andallowingreceiverstopayfortransmission.Toillustrateourpoint,wedescribehowthesegoalsmightbeaccomplishedinthecontextofadi erentpricingparadigm:edgepricing.Inaddition,wearguethatinthecontextofthisedgepri
6、cingparadigm,usage-basedpricingand
atpricingarenotradicallydi erentbutinsteadbothresidealongthesinglecontinuumofusage-constrainingpricingpolicies.ThisresearchwassupportedinpartbytheAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency,monitoredbyFortHuachucaundercontractsDABT63-94-C-0073(SS),DABT63-94-C-0072(DC),a
7、ndDABT63-91-C-0001(DE,SH).Theviewsexpressedheredonotre
ectthepositionorpolicyoftheU.S.government.11IntroductionInafewshortyears,theInternethasmadeadramatictransformationfromnerdyenigmatotrendyhangout.Withitsmillionsofusersanddiverseapplicationo eri
