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1、分類號(hào):P56學(xué)校代碼:10697密級(jí):公開(kāi)學(xué)號(hào):201521005碩士學(xué)位論文MASTER’SDISSERTATION秦晉峽谷南部河段地貌特征及成因分析學(xué)科名稱:礦物學(xué)、巖石學(xué)、礦床學(xué)作者:徐淑琴指導(dǎo)老師:何艷紅副教授柳益群教授西北大學(xué)學(xué)位評(píng)定委員會(huì)二○一八年TheAnalysisofGeomorphicCharacteristicsandGenesisoftheSouthernSectionoftheQinJinCayonAthesissubmittedtoNorthwestUniversityinpa
2、rtialfulfillmentoftherequirementsforthedegreeofMasterinMineralogy,Petrology,andMineralGeologyByXuShuqinSupervisor:LiuYiqunProfessorJune2018摘要摘要秦晉峽谷屬于黃河中游河段,秦晉峽谷的地質(zhì)地貌問(wèn)題一直是地學(xué)研究的熱點(diǎn)。秦晉峽谷南部河段所指為北起壺口瀑布,南至禹門(mén)口的這段長(zhǎng)度約65公里的河流峽谷。研究區(qū)位于鄂爾多斯東南部,此區(qū)的研究程度比較低。本文通過(guò)對(duì)秦晉峽谷南部河段的河
3、谷地貌特征、河水侵蝕作用方式、巖石地層發(fā)育特點(diǎn)、節(jié)理和斷裂構(gòu)造、新構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)作用等因素進(jìn)行了調(diào)查與研究。并取得如下認(rèn)識(shí):通過(guò)對(duì)研究河段河谷的地貌特征分析,尤其是研究區(qū)北段壺口一帶壺口瀑布、十里龍槽、壺穴等河流地質(zhì)作用遺跡的特征進(jìn)行分析。發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)育近南北和近東西走向的節(jié)理,同時(shí)在基巖河床及岸邊臺(tái)地上形成形式各樣的河流地質(zhì)作用產(chǎn)物壺穴。我們對(duì)壺穴進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),發(fā)現(xiàn)近壺穴的長(zhǎng)軸方向與近南北走向的節(jié)理方向一致,流水?dāng)y帶大量的泥沙礫石沖蝕節(jié)理發(fā)育的巖石薄弱部位,促進(jìn)河流壺穴的形成。通過(guò)野外觀察、實(shí)際論證和綜合研究,進(jìn)一步佐證
4、了研究區(qū)宏觀與微觀谷中谷地貌的成因。(1)河水的巨大水動(dòng)力侵蝕作用是谷中谷地貌形成的必備動(dòng)力條件;(2)河谷地貌與地層巖性造成的差異侵蝕作用有關(guān);(3)基巖河床發(fā)育大量的節(jié)理,降低了巖石力學(xué)強(qiáng)度,加速了河谷的形成;(4)新構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)的抬升作用,導(dǎo)致河流下切作用明顯。關(guān)鍵詞:秦晉峽谷,河流階地,地貌特征,地貌成因I西北大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文IIABSTRACTABSTRACTTheQinJinCanyonbelongstothemiddlereachesoftheYellowRiver,QinJinCanyonhas
5、alwaysbeenahotareaofgeoscienceresearch.TheSouthernsectionoftheQinJinCanyonreferstotheNorthtoHukouWaterfall,theSouthtoYuMenkou,thissectionisabout65kmlong.ThesouthernpartofQinJinCanyonislocatedinthesoutheasternOrdosBasin,andtheresearchdegreeofthisareaisrelat
6、ivelylow.Thispaperinvestigatesandstudiesthefeaturesofthevalleygeomorphicfeatures,therivererosionmode,thecharacteristicsofthelithostratigraphy,thejointandthefracturestructureandtheneotectonicmovementinthesouthernsectionoftheQinJinCayon.Andgainedthefollowing
7、recognition:Byanalyzingthegeomorphiccharacteristicsoftherivervalley,especiallythefeaturesoftheHukouWaterfall,theten-DragontroughandthepotholeintheHukouareaofthenorthernsectionofthestudyarea.ItisfoundthatthejointsneartheHukouaredevelopednearsouth-northandne
8、areast-westjoints,andavarietyofrivergeologicalproductpotholesareformedonthebedrockriverbedandtheshoreplatform.Watercarriesalargeamountofsandandgraveltoerodedweakpartsofrockandpromotestheformationofriverpothol