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1、棉花學報CottonScience2015袁27淵1冤院16―21花鈴期不同鉀效率基因型棉花對干旱和低鉀脅迫的響應差異1,21,3*汪霄袁陳防(1.中國科學院武漢植物園/水生植物與流域生態(tài)重點實驗室袁武漢430074曰2.中國科學院研究生院袁北京100049曰3.國際植物營養(yǎng)研究所中國項目部袁武漢430074)摘要院以鉀高效和鉀低效基因型棉花(HEG和LEG)為試驗材料袁研究了最優(yōu)水肥淵W1K1冤袁干旱脅迫淵W2K1冤袁低鉀脅迫淵W1K2冤袁干旱堯低鉀脅迫淵W2K2冤對其光合作用及水分堯鉀素利用率的影響遙結果表明
2、院干旱顯著降低花鈴期2種基因型棉花葉片凈光合速率淵n冤堯氣孔導度(s)堯蒸騰速率(r)袁導致蕾鈴脫落袁鉀素利用率()降低袁造成棉花減產遙施鉀促進葉片n及水分利用率淵冤的提高袁但基因型間存在差異袁LEG葉片與施鉀量成正比袁HEG相反遙低鉀脅迫下HEG的n堯r下降袁但n下降幅度小于r袁增大遙較高的有利于提高棉花n袁降低蕾鈴脫落率袁促進鉀素的高效吸收和運輸遙關鍵字院水鉀耦合曰棉花曰基因型曰光合參數(shù)曰水分利用效率曰鉀素利用效率中圖分類號院S562.01文獻標志碼院A文章編號院1002-7807(2015)01-0016-
3、061,21,3*WangXiao,ChenFang(1.430074,;2.100049,;3.430074,)Toinvestigatetheeffectsofsoilwaterandpotassium淵K冤ongenotypicvariationinphotosynthesis,waterandKuseef-ficiencies,potexperimentswerecarriedoutwithtwocottongenotypes(ahighKutilizationefficiencycottongenoty
4、peandalowKutilizationefficiencycottongenotypereferredasHEGandLEG,respectively)andfourtreatments:optimumwaterandK(W1K1),droughtstress(W2K1),lowKstress(W1K2),droughtandlowKstresses(W2K2).Theresultsindicatedthatsoildroughthadsignificantlynegativeeffectoncottonne
5、tphotosyntheticrate(n),stomatalconductance(s)andtranspirationrate(r),thenleadingtofallingofbudsorbollsanddecreasingtheKuseefficiencyandyield.ApplicationofKfertilizerimprovedcottons'nandwateruseefficiencies().Therewasasignificantdifferenceofbetweengenotypes.Th
6、eofLEGwasnotablyandpositivelycorrelatedwithKapplying,whereasHEGwasonthecontrary.BothnandrofHEGcottonde-creasedunderlowsoilKcondition,whileincreasedbecausethechangeofnwassmallerthanr.Higherwascon-ductivetohigherabsorptionandtransportationofKbyincreasingnanddec
7、reasingbudsandbollfallingratio.OurfindingswillprovideanewtheoreticalbasisforfurtherexploringofhighKuseefficiencymechanism.couplingofwaterandpotassium;cotton;genotypes;photosyntheticparameter;wateruseefficiency;potassiumuseefficiency[1][2]干旱和鉀缺乏往往會影響棉花養(yǎng)分吸輕脅迫傷害
8、袁達到不減產遙前期通過對不同棉花[3][4][7]收袁降低棉花光合作用袁造成蕾鈴大量脫落袁導品種的篩選和考察發(fā)現(xiàn)袁鉀高效基因型棉花致棉花減產袁甚至絕產遙不良條件下袁產量較高的淵HEG冤在低鉀脅迫下具有較好的鉀素吸收利用[5-6][8-10]作物品種會通過改變自身生理變化袁避開或減率袁產量高曰但其對干旱和低鉀脅迫的響應機收稿日期院2014-05-15作者簡介院汪霄淵1986
