Entanglement, EPR correlations and mesoscopic quantum superposition by the high-gain quantu

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1、Entanglement,EPRcorrelationsandmesoscopicquantumsuperpositionbythehigh-gainquantuminjectedparametricampli?cationMarcoCaminati1,FrancescoDeMartini1,RiccardoPerris1,FabioSciarrino2,1,VeronicaSecondi11DipartimentodiFisicaandConsorzioNazionaleInteruniversitariop

2、erleScienzeFisichedellaMateria,Universit′a”LaSapienza”,Roma00185,Italy2CentrodiStudieRicerche”EnricoFermi”,ViaPanisperna89/A,CompendiodelViminale,Roma00184,ItalyWeinvestigatethemultiparticlequantumsuperpositionandthepersistenceofmultipartiteentan-glementofth

3、equantumsuperpositiongeneratedbythequantuminjectedhigh-gainopticalpara-metricampli?cationofasinglephoton.Thephysicalcon?gurationbasedontheoptimaluniversalquantumcloninghasbeenadoptedtoinvestigatehowtheentanglementandthequantumcoherenceofthesystempersistsforl

4、argevaluesofthenonlinearparametricgaing.I.INTRODUCTIONInrecentyears,alargenumberofexperimentsaimed

5、0>2h?

6、0>2vkattheveri?cationoffundamentalaspectsofquantum1ZOPAmechanics,suchasquantumnonlocality,havebeenre-UVkpalizedbyadoptingphotonparticlesmutuallyinteract-

7、ingthroughnon-linearoptical(NLO)process.Inaddi-UVktionsophisticatedNLOmethodshavebeenextendedto2relevantinvestigationsandrealizationsinthedomainofSPDCtheemergingnewsciencesofQuantumInformation(QI)andQuantumCommunication.InparticularoneofsuchkTθ=45°methods,th

8、equantuminjectednonlinear(NL)para-metricampli?cation(QIOPA)ofsinglephotonstates,wasparticularlyfruitfulsinceitwasadoptedtoprovideDTthe?rstexperimentalrealizationofthequantumcloningtransformation,afundamentalQIconcept[1,2,3].Thisoneprovidestheoptimaldistribut

9、ionoftheinformationFIG.1:(Coloronline)Schematicdiagramofthesinglepho-containedinaquantumsystem,e.g.aNquantum-bittonquantuminjectedopticalparametricampli?er(QIOPA).state,orqubitontoasystemofhigherdimension,M>NTheinjectionisprovidedbyanexternalspontaneouspara-

10、[4,5].Byvirtueoftheisomorphismexistingbetweenanymetricdownconversionsourceofpolarizationentangledpho-logicqubitassociatedwithspin-1/2andthepolarizationtonstates[4].Thelossesaresimulatedbytheinse