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1、鄂爾多斯盆地致密油、頁巖油特征及資源潛力摘要：長慶油田對滲透率為0.3~1mD的超低滲透油藏已實(shí)現(xiàn)了規(guī)模有效開發(fā)?？紤]到鄂爾多斯盆地石油勘探開發(fā)實(shí)際，將儲(chǔ)集層地面空氣滲透率小于0.3mD，賦存于油頁巖及其互層共生的致密砂巖儲(chǔ)層中，石油未經(jīng)過大規(guī)模長距離運(yùn)移的油藏稱為致密油，包括致密砂巖油藏和頁巖油藏2大類。延長組致密油主要發(fā)育于半深湖—深湖相區(qū)，以延長組7段（簡稱長7）油層組油頁巖、致密砂巖和湖盆中部的延長組6段（簡稱長6）油層組致密砂巖最為典型。致密油具有分布范圍廣，烴源巖條件優(yōu)越，砂巖儲(chǔ)層致密，孔喉結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，物性差，含
2、油飽和度高，原油性質(zhì)好，油藏壓力系數(shù)低的特點(diǎn)。納米級(jí)孔喉系統(tǒng)廣泛發(fā)育是致密油儲(chǔ)集體連續(xù)油氣聚集的根本特征，延長組致密砂巖儲(chǔ)層中大多連通的孔喉直徑大于臨界孔喉直徑，滿足油氣在致密儲(chǔ)層中運(yùn)移的條件。根據(jù)致密油層與生油巖層的接觸關(guān)系，確定了3種致密油儲(chǔ)集層類型：①致密塊狀砂巖儲(chǔ)層；②砂巖-泥巖互層型儲(chǔ)層；③油頁巖型致密儲(chǔ)層。鄂爾多斯盆地長6和長7油層組致密油分布廣泛，初步預(yù)測致密油總資源量約30×108t，其中長7油層組頁巖油資源量超過10×108t，長7油層組致密砂巖油資源量約9×108t，長6油層組致密砂巖油資源量約11×1
3、08t。致密油資源是長慶油田實(shí)現(xiàn)年產(chǎn)油氣當(dāng)量5000×104t并長期穩(wěn)產(chǎn)較為現(xiàn)實(shí)的石油接替資源。關(guān)鍵詞：致密砂巖油；致密頁巖油；致密油；致密油儲(chǔ)層；資源潛力；延長組；鄂爾多斯盆地中圖分類號(hào)：TE122.14文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：ACharacteristicsandresourceprospectsoftightoilandshaleoilinOrdosBasinYangHua1,2LiShixiang2,3LiuXianyang2,3(1.PetroChinaChangqingOilfieldCompany,Xi’an710018
4、,China;2.NationalEngineeringLaboratoryforExplorationandDevelopmentofLow-PermeabilityOil&GasFields,Xi’an710018,China;3.ResearchInstituteofExplorationandDevelopment,PetroChinaChangqingOilfieldCompany,Xi’an710018,China)Abstract:Changqingoilfieldcompanyhasbeenrealized
5、efficientandscaledevelopmentofthesuperlowpermeabilityreservoirwhichpermeabilityissituatedbetween0.3mDand1mD.ConsideringthepetroleumexplorationanddevelopmentpracticeofOrdosBasin,thetightoilreferstoairpermeabilityofreservoirlessthan0.3mD,andanoilthataccumulatesinoil
6、shaleandtightsandstonesinterbeddedwithoradjacenttosourcerocks.Generally,thisoilaccumulationhasnotyetexperiencedalarge-scale,long-distancemigration.Thetightoilincludetightsandstoneoilreservoirandtightshaleoilreservoir.ThetightoilofYanchangFormationismainlydeveloped
7、inthehalfdeeplacustrinetodeeplacustrinezone,forthetypicaltooilshaleandtightsandstoneofChang7interval,tightsandstoneofthecentrallakeofChang6interval.Tightoilhascharacteristicsofwidedistribution,hydrocarbonsourcerockconditionissuperior,sandstonereservoirdensity,pore
8、throatstructurecomplexity,poorphysicalproperties,highoilsaturation,betteroilpropertyandlowpressurecoefficient.Nano-sizedpore-throatsystemwidelydevelopme
