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1、ComparativeCriticalStudies6,1,pp.719?BCLA2009DOI:10.3366/E1744185409000561THEFIRSTMALCOLMBOWIEMEMORIALLECTURELONDON,12JANUARY2008TravellingthroughTranslationSUSANBASSNETTAlectureinmemoriamisaveryspecialkindofevent.Thepersonforwhomitisbeinggivenis,paradoxical
2、ly,bothabsentandpresent.Malcolmsabsenceisthecauseofthislecture,butbecauseitisbeinggiveninhismemory,inthecompanyofsomanypeoplewhoadmiredandrespectedandlovedhim,heisverymuchpresentwithus.AsIre?ectedonalectureinmemoriam,itcameintomymindthatsimultaneousabsencean
3、dpresenceisalsothefundamentalcharacteristicoftranslation.Withoutanoriginal,asourcetext,therecanbenotransla-tion,foratranslationisarewritingofaworkthathascomeintoexistenceelsewhere,inanothertimeandanotherplace.Andthatconnectionbetweenmemoryandtranslationisapp
4、ropriatetodayaswegathertohonoursomeonewhospentalifetimeworkingacrossandbetweenlanguages,whounderstoodwhathappenswhentextsaretransposedthroughtranslation.Itisalsoappropriatewhenweconsidertheroleplayedbytranslationinliteraryhistory,arolesobeautifullysummarized
5、byWalterBenjamininhisessayTheTaskoftheTranslator:theoriginaliscloselyconnectedwiththetranslation;infact,thisconnectionisalltheclosersinceitisnolongerofanyimportancetotheoriginal.Wemaycallthisconnectionanaturalone,or,morespeci?cally,avitalconnection.Justasthe
6、manifestationsoflifeareintimatelyconnectedwiththephenomenonoflifewithoutbeingofimportancetoit,translationissuesfromtheoriginalnotsomuchfromitslifeasfromitsafterlife.Foratranslationcomeslaterthantheoriginal,andsincetheimportantworksofworldliteraturenever?ndth
7、eirchosentranslatorsatthetimeoftheirorigin,theirtranslationmarkstheirstageofcontinuedlife.1Thisisahighlycreativewayofthinkingabouttranslationasaliteraryendeavourthatensuresthesurvivalofaworkandgrantsitanexistenceinanothertime.Wouldanyofustodaybeabletoread78S
8、USANBASSNETTAncientGreekdrama,ortheNorsesagas,ortheMahabharatawithouttranslation,indeedhowmanyofuswouldbeabletoreadcontemporaryNobellaureatessuchasWis?awaSzymborskaorGaoXíngjiànwithoutˉtranslati
