納米材料論文 納米科技及納米材料

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1、納米材料論文題目：納米科技及納米材料學(xué)院:機(jī)械工程學(xué)院專業(yè):過程裝備與控制工程學(xué)號:5120145698學(xué)生姓名:李剛?cè)掌?2015.11.1510目錄摘要······································································2Abstract································································2第1章納米科學(xué)和技術(shù)···········································31.1納米科技的定義···········

2、································31.2納米科技的內(nèi)容···········································31.3納米科技的內(nèi)涵···········································3第2章納米材料····················································52.1納米材料的定義···········································5102.2納米材料的分類······························

3、·············52.3納米材料的顆粒特征·····································52.4納米材料的結(jié)構(gòu)···········································52.5納米材料的性質(zhì)：··········································62.6納米材料的應(yīng)用···········································7第3章納米材料的前景············································8參考文獻(xiàn)············

4、····················································810【摘要】納米技術(shù)是當(dāng)今世界最有前途的決定性技術(shù)。文章簡要地概述了納米技術(shù)，納米材料的結(jié)構(gòu)和特殊性質(zhì)以及納米納米材料各方面的性能在實際中的應(yīng)用，并展望了納米材料的應(yīng)用前景。【關(guān)鍵詞】納米技術(shù)；納米材料；結(jié)構(gòu)；性能；應(yīng)用；前景【Abstract】Nanotechnologyistheworld'smostpromisingdecisivetechnology.Thearticlebrieflyoutlinesthenanometertechnology,thestructureand

5、nano-materialsandnano-materialsspecialnatureoftheperformanceofvariousaspectsoftheapplicationinpractice,andtheprospectofnano-materialsapplications.【Keywords】nanotechnology;Nanomaterials;Structure;Performance;Application;Prospects1.納米科學(xué)和技術(shù)1.1納米科技的定義納米科技是20世紀(jì)80年代末誕生并正在崛起的新科技，是一門在0.1~100nm尺度空間內(nèi)，研究電子、

6、原子和分子運(yùn)動規(guī)律和特性的高技術(shù)學(xué)科。其涵義是人類在納米尺寸（10-9--10-7m）范圍內(nèi)認(rèn)識和改造自然，最終目標(biāo)是通過直接操縱和安排原子、分子而創(chuàng)造特定功能的新物質(zhì)。納米科技是現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)與先進(jìn)工程技術(shù)相結(jié)合的基礎(chǔ)上誕生的，是一門基礎(chǔ)研究與應(yīng)用研究緊密聯(lián)系的新興科學(xué)技術(shù)。其中納米材料是納米科技的重要組成部分。1.2納米科技的內(nèi)容納米科技主要包含：納米物理學(xué)；納米電子學(xué)；納米材料學(xué)；納米機(jī)械學(xué)；納米生物學(xué)；納米顯微學(xué)；納米計量學(xué)；納米制造學(xué)……1.3納米科技的內(nèi)涵10第一：納米科技不僅僅是納米材料的問題。目前科技界普遍公認(rèn)的納米科技的定義是：在納米尺度上研究物質(zhì)的特性和相互作用以及如何利

7、用這些特性和相互作用的具有多學(xué)科交叉性質(zhì)的科學(xué)和技術(shù)。納米科技與眾多學(xué)科密切相關(guān)，它是一門體現(xiàn)多學(xué)科交叉性質(zhì)的前沿領(lǐng)域?，F(xiàn)在已不能將納米科技劃歸任何一個傳統(tǒng)學(xué)科。如果將納米科技與傳統(tǒng)學(xué)科相結(jié)合，可產(chǎn)生眾多的新的學(xué)科領(lǐng)域，并派生出許多新名詞。這些新名詞所體現(xiàn)的研究內(nèi)容又有交叉重疊。若以研究對象或工作性質(zhì)來區(qū)分，納米科技包括三個研究領(lǐng)域：納米材料；納米器件；納米尺度的檢測與表征。其中納米材料是納米科技的基礎(chǔ)；納米器件的研制水平和應(yīng)用程度