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《氮素水平對(duì)初花后棉株生物量_氮素累積特征及氮素利用率動(dòng)態(tài)變化的影響》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在學(xué)術(shù)論文-天天文庫。
1、第26卷第11期生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào)Vol.26,No.112006年11月ACTAECOLOGICASINICANov.,2006氮素水平對(duì)初花后棉株生物量、氮素累積特征及氮素利用率動(dòng)態(tài)變化的影響1,221121,3薛曉萍,王建國,郭文琦,陳兵林,尤軍,周治國(1.南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)P農(nóng)業(yè)部作物生長調(diào)控重點(diǎn)開放試驗(yàn)室,南京210095;2.山東省氣候中心,濟(jì)南250031)摘要:在大田栽培條件下,分別在長江流域下游棉區(qū)(江蘇南京)和黃河流域黃淮棉區(qū)(河南安陽)設(shè)置棉花氮素水平試驗(yàn),定量研究氮素水平對(duì)花后棉株生物量、氮素累積特
2、征及氮素累積利用率動(dòng)態(tài)變化的影響,結(jié)果表明:棉株總生物量和氮素累積量隨-2-2花后棉株生育進(jìn)程的動(dòng)態(tài)變化符合S型曲線,安陽、南京試點(diǎn)分別以360kg·hm、240kg·hm氮素水平的總生物量、氮素累積最多,其動(dòng)態(tài)累積模型的特征參數(shù)值最為協(xié)調(diào),皮棉產(chǎn)量最高。因此,可以通過改變施肥量來調(diào)節(jié)初花后棉株生長特征值,從而獲得高產(chǎn)。棉株氮素累積利用率隨初花后棉花生育進(jìn)程的推進(jìn),呈現(xiàn)為不規(guī)則的S型曲線變化趨勢,計(jì)算兩試點(diǎn)的氮素累積利用-2-2率、瞬時(shí)利用率,安陽試點(diǎn)以360kg·hm的施氮水平為最優(yōu),南京以240kg·hm
3、最高;施肥過多不僅利用率低,而且易造成營養(yǎng)器官比例加大,棉株雖可獲得較大的干物質(zhì)和氮素累積,但不能適時(shí)向生殖器官轉(zhuǎn)移,皮棉產(chǎn)量降低。關(guān)鍵詞:氮素水平;棉花;生物量;氮素累積;氮素利用率文章編號(hào):100020933(2006)1123631210中圖分類號(hào):S148文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:AEffectofnitrogenappliedlevelsonthedynamicsofbiomass,nitrogenaccumulationandnitrogenfertilizationrecoveryrateofcottonaf
4、terinitialflowering1,221121,3XUEXiao2Ping,WANGJian2Guo,GUOWen2Qi,CHENBing2Lin,YOUJun,ZHOUZhi2Guo(1.KeyLaboratoryofCropGrowthRegulationoftheMinistryofAgriculture,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095,China;2.ShandongProvinceClimaticCenture,Jinan250031,
5、China).ActaEcologicaSinica,2006,26(11):3631~3640.Abstract:Quantitativeinformationregardingbiomassaccumulation,nitrogenuptake,andnitrogenuseefficiencyforcottonplantundervaringenvironmentalandgrowthconditionsisrequiredforthedevelopmentofplantgrowthmodelsandal
6、sofortheassessmentofthecontributionofcottontonitrogenbalancesincottoncroppingsystems.Inordertoquantitativelystudythedynamiccharacteristicsofaccumulationsofdrymatter,nitrogenuptakeandnitrogenfertilizationrecoveryrateofcottonplantafter-2initialflowering,twofi
7、eldexperimentswithdifferentlevelsofnitrogenapplication(0,120,240,360,and480kg·hm)werecarriedoutinNanjingandAnyang,standingfortheecologicalconditionsinthemiddlelowerreachesofYangtzeRiverValleyandYellowRiverValleyinChina,respectively.Theresultsshowthatthetota
8、ldrymatterandnitrogenaccumulationofcottonwereaffectedsignificantlybytheapplicationrateofnitrogenfertilizerthroughoutthegrowthperiodafterinitialflowering.Withthe-2increaseofnitrogenapplicationrate,thedr