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1、第30卷第4期地質(zhì)通報(bào)Vo1.30.NO.42()11年4月GE0L0GICALBULLETINoFCHINAApr.,2011鄂爾多斯盆地構(gòu)造演化和構(gòu)造控煤作用王雙明WANGShuang——ming陜西省地質(zhì)調(diào)查院.陜西西安710054ShaanxiProvinceInstituteofGeologicalSurvey,Xian710054,Shaanxi,China摘要:鄂爾多斯盆地是印支運(yùn)動(dòng)后在濱太平洋構(gòu)造域和特提斯構(gòu)造域影響下形成的中生代大型內(nèi)陸坳陷,現(xiàn)今盆地范圍是后期改造的結(jié)果。盆地構(gòu)造演化過程可分為早侏羅世一中侏羅世早期、中侏羅世、晚侏羅世和早白堊世4
2、個(gè)階段,早侏羅世一中侏羅世早期形成了豐富的煤炭資源。構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)聚煤期、聚煤區(qū)和煤層形成后的賦存特征均具有重要的控制作用:聚煤期受控于大地構(gòu)造背景:聚煤區(qū)圍繞盆地沉降中心呈環(huán)帶狀展布,煤層層數(shù)、厚度和橫向變化規(guī)律在盆地不同部位表現(xiàn)出不同的特點(diǎn);構(gòu)造轉(zhuǎn)折期與構(gòu)造轉(zhuǎn)折部位是控制煤層形成的重要因素。該盆地內(nèi)主要的控煤構(gòu)造單元有:西緣褶皺沖斷帶、天環(huán)坳陷、伊陜單斜、渭北斷隆和河?xùn)|斷褶帶關(guān)鍵詞:鄂爾多斯盆地;構(gòu)造演化;聚煤期;聚煤區(qū);構(gòu)造控煤中圖分類號(hào):P54;P618.11文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號(hào):1671-2552(2011)04—0544-09WangSM.Ordosba
3、sintectonicevolutionandstructuralcontrolofcoa1.GeologicalBulletinofChina,2011,30(4):544—552Abstract:Ordosbasin,ahugeintercontinentaldepression,influencedbyPacificandTethysstructuraldomains,wasformedduringMesozoicEra.Thepresentscopeofthebasinistheresultoflaterrecreation.Theevolutionary
4、processesofthedepressioncanbedi—videdintofourepochs:EarlyJurassictOtheearlyperiodofMiddleJurassic,MiddleJurassic,LateJurassicandEarlyCretaceous,ofwhich,EarlyJurassictOtheearlyperiodofMiddleJurassicisanimportantcoal—accumulatingperiodTectonicsplayedavitalroleincontrollingthecoal—accumu
5、latingperiod,coal—accumulatingarea,andthecharacteristicsofthecoa1.Thecoal—accumulatingperiodiscontrolledbythetectonicstructure.Thecoal—accumulatingareaisdistributedring—shapelyaroundthesubsidencecentreofthebasin,andinwhichthenumber,thicknessandchangeregularityoftheseammayvaryconsidera
6、blyindiferentpositionsofthebasin.Theperiodandareaoftectonicturningareessentialcontrollingfactorsfortheformingofcoa1.ThemaintectonicunitswhichareinfavorofthecoalforminginOrdosbasinconcludethewesternfoldthrustzone,Tianhuandepression,Yishanmonochne,theWeibeifaultU—plift,andtheHedongfault
7、—foldzone.Keywords:Ordosbasin;tectonicevolution;coal—accumulatingperiod;coal—accumulatingarea;structuralcontrolofcoal鄂爾多斯盆地是中國(guó)煤炭資源最富集的地區(qū),1盆地形成的大地構(gòu)造背景晚古生代石炭紀(jì)、二疊紀(jì)和中生代三疊紀(jì)、侏羅紀(jì)含煤層系在盆地內(nèi)均有展布。盆地內(nèi)埋深小于2000m印支運(yùn)動(dòng)之后,中國(guó)大地構(gòu)造進(jìn)入了一個(gè)新的的煤炭資源總量為19765×10st,其中埋深小于發(fā)展時(shí)期,即濱太平洋構(gòu)造域和特提斯構(gòu)造域強(qiáng)烈lO00m的煤炭資源為6561.23x10S
8、t。200