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1、富蘭克林自傳——TheAutobiographyofBenjaminFranklinAboutthistimeImetwithanoddvolumeoftheSpectator.Ihadneverbeforeseenanyofthem.Iboughtit,readitoverandover,andwasmuchdelightedwithit.Ithoughtthewritingexcellent,andwished,ifpossible,toimitateit.WiththatviewItooksomeofthepapers,and,makingshouthintsofthesentiment
2、sineachsentence,laidthembyafewdays,andthen,withoutlookingathehook,triedtocompletethepapersagain,byexpressingeachhintedsentimentatlength,andasfullyasithadbeenexpressedbefore,inanysuitablewordsthatshouldoccurtome.ThenIcomparedthem.ButIfoundIwantedastockofwords,orareadinessinrecollectingandusingthem,wh
3、ichIthoughtIshouldhaveacquiredbeforethattimeifIhadgoneonmakingverse;sincethecontinualsearchforwordsofthesameimport,butdofdifferentlength,tosuitthemeasure,orofdifferentsoundfortherhythm,wouldhavelaidmeunderaconstantnecessityofsearchingforvariety,andalsohavetendedtofixthatvarietyinmymind,andmakememast
4、erofit.ThereforeItooksomeofthetalesintheSpectator,andturnedthemintoverse;and,afteratime,whenIhadprettywllforgottentheprose,turnedthembackagain.Ialsosometimesjumbledmycollectionofhintsintoconfusion,andaftersomeweeksendeavoredtoreducethemintothebestorder,beforeIbegantoformthefullsentencesandcompleteth
5、esubject.Thiswastoteachmemethodinthearragementofthethoughts.Bycomparingmyworkwiththeorginal,Idiscoveredmanyfaultsandcorrectedthem;butIsometimeshadthepleasuretofancythat,inparticularsofsmallconsequence,Ihadbeenfortunateenoughtoimprovethemethodorthelanguage,andthisencouragedmetothinkthatImightintimeco
6、mttobetolerateEnglishwriter,ofwhichIwasextremelyambitious.差不多這一時(shí)期我得到一本叫《旁觀者》的奇怪冊(cè)子。以前我從未卡過(guò)任何一本。我買了它,讀了又讀,我認(rèn)為書中的文章極佳,如果可以的話,甚至想模仿它。所以,我把一些文章的每一句的大意節(jié)錄出來(lái),放了幾天,并不看這本書,嘗試再完成這些文章,即自己用適合的詞來(lái)概括大意,要和以前所表示的一樣。于是我把我的《旁觀者》和原文相較,找出我的錯(cuò)誤之處而加以更正。但是我覺(jué)得我缺乏單詞的累積,不能夠隨時(shí)憶起與引用,我想我如果一直繼續(xù)作詩(shī)便能夠辦得到,因?yàn)槌3R猛x且長(zhǎng)短不同和音韻各異的詞以合轍與押韻,那么
7、我則必須經(jīng)常搜尋許多詞匯,也可使這許多詞縈留腦中,以便能運(yùn)用它。于是我把有些故事轉(zhuǎn)為詩(shī)歌,隔了一陣子,等我把這散文全忘了時(shí),重新把它們轉(zhuǎn)為散文,有時(shí)還將我所集合的大意打亂,隔了幾星期,再努力使它們成為極佳的順序,然后再寫出完整的句子,寫出整篇文章。這樣我學(xué)會(huì)了思想排列法。后來(lái)把我的文章與原文比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多錯(cuò)誤并改正。但是我有時(shí)引以為樂(lè),尤其取得了小小的成果,那就是我非常幸運(yùn)地在思想方法與語(yǔ)言上都