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《sustainable growth requires wiser energy use》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關內(nèi)容在學術論文-天天文庫。
1、SustainableGrowthRequiresWiserEnergyUseCHINAusedtobetaggedas“theworld’slargest...”–theworld’slargestexporter,theworld’slargestmobilemarket,theworld’slargestonlinepopulation–itseemsthatinmostmarketsandmeasurements,Chinawinsthesuperlative.Thereisanotableexceptiontothetrend:“theworld’sl
2、argesteconomy”stillgoestotheU.S.ButevenconservativeestimatesseeChinausurpingthatthroneby2030.OneChinese“world’slargest”couldproveaspannerintheworks,ratherthanablessing,forthecountry’sfutureeconomicdevelopment–theworld’slargestenergyconsumer.Untilveryrecently,theboilerroomofChina’seco
3、nomicenginewaspoweredbyprimaryandsecondaryindustrygrowth.Rapidlyurbanizingpopulationsprovidedthemanpowerwhileexpandingrail,roadandinlandshippingroutenetworksgreasedtheway.Economicsuccessbroughtbenefits,9buthasalsoledtoextremeincreasesinnationalenergyconsumption.BigGrowthBringsBiggern
4、eedsSinceitsperiodofreformandopeningupgotunderwayin1979,China’seconomictrackrecordhasbeenimpeccable.Thecountryhasboastedoneofthefastestgrowingeconomiesintheworldfordecades.Butafast-growingeconomyhasmeantfast-growingenergyconsumption.ExceptduringtheAsianfinancialcrisis(1997-2000),ener
5、gydemandinthecountryhasincreasedeveryyearforthelastthreedecades.From1979through2001,energyusegrewatamuchlowerpacethanGDP–anaverageof4.1percent,comparedtoGDPgrowthof9.7percent.AfterjoiningtheWTOin2001,annualenergydemandsurged,growingfourfoldbetween2001and2006.AccordingtoBritishPetrole
6、umstatistics,in2010China’sconsumptionofenergysources,rangingfromoilandcoaltowindandsolarpower,wasequalto2.432billiontonsofoil,comparedto2.286billiontonsfortheU.S.Thismarkedthe9firsttimeChinaconsumedmoreenergythantheU.S.EnergymarketsinChinahavebecomeincreasinglyinfluential,andallforec
7、astspointtosustainedriseinthecountry’senergyneedsintothefuture.CoalcontinuestodominateChina’senergymix,accountingfor70percentofthecountry’stotalenergyoutput.Coaldominanceisoneoftheparticularitiesofitsenergymarket.It’shardlysurprisingthatChinaisalso“theworld’slargest”inconsumptionandp
8、roductionofc
