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1、FuelInjector-MixerConceptsExaminedforKeroseneandDieselFuelReformerApplicationsUsingLaser-BasedTechniquesInconjunctionwithaprogramtodeveloplow-emissionsgroundpowerandaircraftauxiliarypowerunits,theNASAGlennResearchCenterdesignedandbuiltafacilitytotestfuelreformerconc
2、eptscapableofproviding10-kWepower.NASAisinvestigatingjetanddieselfuelreformingasaviablemechanismtogeneratehydrogenforsolidoxidefuelcell(SOFC)operation.Jet-Aanddieselfuelsarebeingconsideredforfuelcellapplicationsbecausetheyarerelativelysafetohandle,havehighenergydens
3、ity,andhaveexistinginfrastructure.Infuelreformation,ahydrogen-richflowofsyngasnecessaryforSOFCoperationiscreatedbycatalyticreactionwhenawell-mixed,high-temperatureflowoffuel,air,andsometimessteamimpactsacatalyst.Threetypesofreformingprocessesarepossibleforfuels:cata
4、lyticpartialoxidation(CPOX),autothermalreforming(ATR),andsteamreforming(SR),dependingontheamountsofsteamandairused.Becausereformercatalystssufferdegradationduetothebuildupofcarbondepositsandinadequatefeedmixingandvaporization,nonuniformtemperaturedistributionscanres
5、ult.Afuelinjectorsystemthatfullyvaporizesandmixesthereactantsiscriticaltoachievingoptimalreformingperformance.AspecialfeatureoftheNASAfuelreformerfacilityisanopticallyaccessibletestsection(seethephotograph),thatallowsresearcherstoobtainflowmeasurementstoassessfuelin
6、jectormixingpriortoenteringthereformer.Diagnosticsincludeflow-fieldvisualizationandquantitativemeasurementsofvelocity,fuel,andspeciesdistribution.Twomethodsare(1)particleimagevelocimetry(PIV)toacquiretwo-dimensionalvelocityfieldmeasurementsand(2)Ramanspectroscopytod
7、eterminethechemicalspeciesdistributionacrosstheflowfield.Theschematicdrawingshowstheregionwithinthequartzcylinderthatisprobedbythesemethods.Left:Opticallyaccessibletestsectionthatincludesthefuelinjector-mixerconceptbeingexaminedatopthequartzcylinderthroughwhichthemi
8、xingmeasurementsareconducted.Thefuelinjectorismountedverticallywiththeflowdownward.Right:Particleimagevelocimetry(PIV)lasersheetorientatio
