資源描述:
《Chinese Kite風(fēng)箏 》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫(kù)。
1、中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化THECHINESETRADITIONALCULTURE風(fēng)箏KITE風(fēng)箏的起源TheOriginofKite風(fēng)箏最早是中國(guó)人發(fā)明的.Chineseinventedthefirstkite.古時(shí)稱為“鷂”yào,北方稱為“鳶”yuān.Inancienttime,kitewascalled“sparrowhawk"andalsowaswellknownas"glede"innorthernregionofChina.春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí),東周哲人墨翟(公元前478-392年),曾“費(fèi)時(shí)三年,以木制木鳶,飛升天空.”。墨子在魯山(今山東濰坊境內(nèi)),“斫木為鷂,三年而成,飛一日而
2、敗”。這是說(shuō)墨子研究試制了三年,終于用木板制成了一只木鳥,但只飛了一天就壞了。墨子制造的這只“木鷂”(或“木鳶”)就是中國(guó)最早的風(fēng)箏,也是世界上最早的風(fēng)箏。(約紀(jì)元前300年左右),距今已有二千四百年。IntheSpringandAutumnPeriodinChina,therewasaphilosophernamed“MoQu”(478-392B.C.)intheEasternZhouDynasty.Hespentthreeyearsmadeawoodengledethatcouldflyintheair.HefliedhiswoodenkiteinShandongProv
3、inceofChina,butitcrashedjustinoneday.ThatwoodengledewasthefirstkiteinChinaandalsosameintheworld.It’sovertwothousandandfourhundredyearsfromnow.墨子把制風(fēng)箏的事業(yè)傳給了他的學(xué)生公輸班(也稱魯班),<墨子?魯問(wèn)篇>中說(shuō),魯班根據(jù)墨翟的理想和設(shè)計(jì),用竹子做風(fēng)箏。魯班把竹子劈開(kāi)削光滑,用火烤彎曲,做成了喜鵲的樣子,稱為「木鵲」,在空中飛翔達(dá)三天之久。<鴻書>上說(shuō):“公輸班制木鳶以窺宋城”。MoQutaughthisstudentLuBanhow
4、tomakeakite.Accordingtoanancientbook“MoZi”,LuBaninheritedhisteacher’sskillandcreatedhisowndesignofabambookite.Hesplitbamboointostrips,heatedthemwithfireandshapedthem.Hemadeamagpieshapedbambookite.Thatkitewasabletoflyintheskyforthreedays.Thehistoricalbook“HongShu”said,LuBanmadeakitetospyneig
5、hborSong’sterritoryformilitarypurpose.風(fēng)箏的用途UsageofKite最初風(fēng)箏常被利用為軍事工具,用于三角測(cè)量信號(hào)、天空風(fēng)向測(cè)查和通訊的手段。Kitewasusedformilitarypurposeinitially,likemeasuringdistanceandlocatingtarget,testingwind,andsendingsignalforcommunications.據(jù)古書記載:“五代李鄭于宮中作紙鳶,引線乘風(fēng)為戲,后于鳶首以竹為,使風(fēng)入竹,聲如箏鳴,故名風(fēng)箏?!惫识荒馨l(fā)出聲音的叫“紙鳶”,能發(fā)出聲音的叫“風(fēng)箏”Ac
6、cordingtoanancientbooks:IntheperiodofFiveDynastiesinChina,LiZhengmadeakiteinimperialpalace.Abamboowhistlewastiedtoapaperkite.ItmadesoundlikeZheng(a21-25stringpluckedinstrument)whilewindpassedthrough.Sincethen,kitesthatcouldnotgiveoutsoundcalled“paperglede”,otherswerecalled“FengZheng”(Fengme
7、answind,Zhengisthemusicinstrument).宋張擇端的《清明上河圖》,宋蘇漢臣的《百子圖》里都有放賜箏的生動(dòng)景象。SongDynastyartistZhangZeduandemonstratedavividlyimageofplayingkiteintheancienttimeonhispanoramicpainting“AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival”;andSuHanchenfromthesameperiodoftimedidt