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1、輔音字母組合的讀音輔音字母組合讀音例詞b[b]bikebusbag??[/]?bombtombC(1)后跟元音字母a,o,u時(shí),字母c發(fā)[k],例如:cat,come,cut,cakepicturecoatmusic;后跟e,i,y時(shí),字母c發(fā)[s],例如:nice,decide,Lucy,facedecidecinema。???(2)后跟輔音字母k,r,s,t,以及位于單詞最后時(shí),字母c發(fā)[k],例如:black,crossing,politics,dictate,picnic。???(3)單詞中有雙寫(xiě)字母c,后跟元音字母e或i時(shí)第一
2、個(gè)c發(fā)[k],第二個(gè)c發(fā)[s],例如:successful,accident;后跟其它元音字母或字母組合時(shí),兩個(gè)c合發(fā)一個(gè)[k],例如:account。?(4)后跟字母組合ei,er,ie或與詞尾的字母e組合時(shí),c發(fā)[s],例如:receive,certainly,society;后跟字母組合ia時(shí),c發(fā)[∫],例如:especially。??????????????????????????????ch一般讀作?[t∫]???????????muchchickrichteacher???????????????????????????[
3、k]??????????chemist(化學(xué)家),chem-istry(化學(xué)),chemical(化學(xué)的),Christmas(圣誕節(jié)),?????????headache(頭痛),school(學(xué)校)等6個(gè)單詞中讀[k]??????????????????????????[∫]????????????machine?-ck??????[k]?cockpocketblackknock?d????????[d]???doctorbreadhandday-dge???[d?]??bridgefridge?dr-?????[dr]???chi
4、ldrendriverdrink?f?????????[f]????fivefourbreakfast?g在ei/y前[g]??????baggardengo?????????????[d?]???orangelargeGerman?gh字母組合的讀音在中學(xué)英語(yǔ)課本中歸納起來(lái)主要有“發(fā)音”和“不發(fā)音”兩種情況。一、gh在下列三種情況下發(fā)音???????????1.gh在詞首時(shí),讀作/g/。例:ghost/g??st/???????????2.詞首為字母1,且后跟字母組合augh時(shí),gh讀作/f/。例:laugh/la:f/,laught
5、er/'la:ft?/,cough,enough????????????3.詞尾為字母組合ough時(shí),gh讀作/f/。例:enough/?'n?f/,cough/k?f/,rough/r?f/,tough/t?f/?二、gh在下列五種情況下不發(fā)音???????????1.gh在元音字母i后不發(fā)音。例:bright/bra?t/,fight/fa?t/,frighten/'fra?tn/,high/ha?/,light/la?t/,might/ma?t/,night/na?t/,right/ra?t/,sight/sa?t/,slight
6、/sla?t/???????????2.gh在元音字母組合ei和ai后不發(fā)音。例:eight/e?t/,eighth/e?tθ/,neighbor/'ne?b?/,straight/stre?t/,weigh/we?/,weight/we?t/???????????3.gh在字母組合ought中不發(fā)音。例:bought/b?:t/,brought/br?:t/,fought/f?:t/,thought/θ?:t/???????????4.字母組合augh前面不是1時(shí),gh不發(fā)音。caught/k?:t/,daughter/'d?:t?/
7、,naught/n?:t/,naughty/'n?:ti/,taught/t?:t/???????????5.詞尾為ough的詞,如以上所述,有的發(fā)/f/,但有時(shí)也不發(fā)音。例:although/??l'e??;?/,plough/pla?/,through/θru:/,though[e??],thorough/'θ?r?/?注意:若gh不是字母組合,而是分屬于前后兩個(gè)不同的音節(jié)時(shí),不適合以上規(guī)則。例:dininghall/['da?n??h??l]/?gu-?-guegu在非重讀音節(jié)中[g]guessleaguedialogue????
8、?????[gw]???????????languageanguish?h????????[h]????hotheadhousehand??????????[/]???hourhonest?j???????