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1、常耀信美國(guó)文學(xué)AConciseHistoryofAmericanLiteratureWhatisliterature?Literatureislanguageartisticallyusedtoachieveidentifiableliteraryqualitiesandtoconveymeaningfulmessages.Chapter1ColonialPeriodI.Background:Puritanism1.featuresofPuritanism(1)Predestination:Goddecidedeverythingbeforethingsoc
2、curred.(2)Originalsin:Humanbeingswereborntobeevil,andthisoriginalsincanbepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.(3)Totaldepravity(4)Limitedatonement:Onlythe“elect”canbesaved.2.Influence(1)Agroupofgoodqualities–hardwork,thrift,piety,sobriety(seriousandthoughtful)influencedAmericanlite
3、rature.(2)Itledtotheeverlastingmyth.Allliteratureisbasedonamyth–gardenofEden.(3)Symbolism:theAmericanpuritan’smetaphoricalmodeofperceptionwaschieflyinstrumentalincallingintobeingaliterarysymbolismwhichisdistinctlyAmerican.(4)Withregardtotheirwriting,thestyleisfresh,simpleanddirect;
4、therhetoricisplainandhonest,notwithoutatouchofnobilityoftentraceabletothedirectinfluenceoftheBible.II.Overviewoftheliterature1.typesofwritingdiaries,histories,journals,letters,travelbooks,autobiographies/biographies,sermons2.writersofcolonialperiod(1)AnneBradstreet(2)EdwardTaylor(3
5、)RogerWilliams(4)JohnWoolman(5)ThomasPaine(6)PhilipFreneauIII.JonathanEdwards1.life2.works(1)TheFreedomoftheWill(2)TheGreatDoctrineofOriginalSinDefended(3)TheNatureofTrueVirtue3.ideas–pioneeroftranscendentalism(1)Thespiritofrevivalism(2)Regenerationofman(3)God’spresence(4)Puritanid
6、ealismIV.BenjaminFranklin1.life2.works(1)PoorRichard’sAlmanac(2)Autobiography3.contribution(1)HehelpedfoundthePennsylvaniaHospitalandtheAmericanPhilosophicalSociety.(2)Hewascalled“thenewPrometheuswhohadstolenfire(electricityinthiscase)fromheaven”.(3)Everythingseemstomeetinthisonema
7、n–“Jackofalltrades”.HermanMelvillethusdescribedhim“masterofeachandmasteredbynone”.Chapter2AmericanRomanticismSection1EarlyRomanticPeriodWhatisRomanticism?lAnapproachfromancientGreek:PlatolAliterarytrend:18cinBritain(1798~1832)lSchlegelBros.I.Preview:Characteristicsofromanticism1.su
8、bjectivity(1)feelingandemo
