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1、第十三講賓語從句(一)概述在動(dòng)詞(包括謂語動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞),介詞或形容詞后的賓語都可以用從句來表示,這種從句叫賓語從句。賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有:連詞that、連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which、連接副詞how,when,where,why以及連詞whether或if。(二)用連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,從句原為一個(gè)陳述句。例題1完成句子:Ihear…Physicsisn’teasy.例題2完成句子:Iheard…HehadgonetoShanghai.例題3完成句子:Hesaid…Hewillcomeb
2、acksoon.例題4完成句子:Theartistsaid…Hehasjustdrawnapictureofthehorse.注:如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí),從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是需要的任何時(shí)態(tài)。如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí),從句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是過去時(shí)的任何時(shí)態(tài)。(三)以連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which或連接副詞how,when,where,why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,從句原為一個(gè)特殊疑問句。例題1完成句子:Doyouknow…Whoisshewritingto?例題2完成句子:Canyoutellme…W
3、hichbankishegoingto?例題3完成句子:Iwanttoknow…WhatdoyoustudyEnglishfor?例題4完成句子:Theywantedtoknow…Whenwillthefilmbegin?注:1)時(shí)態(tài)的變化。2)語序的變化,賓語從句中的主語、謂語次序不顛倒,即是陳述句的語序(自然語序)(四)用連詞whether或if連接的賓語從句(在口語或非正式文件中常常用if),從句原來是一個(gè)一般疑問句或選擇疑問句或者反意疑問句。例題1把下列兩句合為一個(gè)復(fù)合句。Heasked.Haveyoufinishedyo
4、urhomework?例題2把下列兩句合為一個(gè)復(fù)合句。Pleasetellme.Hadheworkedinthatfactoryfortenyearsbytheendoflastyear?例題3把下列兩句合為一個(gè)復(fù)合句。Heasked.Youaregoingtothecinema,aren’tyou?注:1)時(shí)態(tài)的變化。2)語序的變化,賓語從句中的主語、謂語次序不顛倒,即是陳述句的語序(自然語序)。3)句末不再用問號(hào),只能用句號(hào)。(五)另一類賓語從句表示一個(gè)東西或人,實(shí)質(zhì)上這類從句可以理解為用來修飾thing(東西),person
5、(人)的定語從句。例如:1.我們會(huì)提供你所需要的東西。We’llgiveyouwhatyouneed.=We’llgiveyouthethingwhichyouneed.2.他碰到誰就和誰講這故事。Hetoldthestorytowhomeverhemet.33=Hetoldthestorytoanypersonwhomhemet.練習(xí)I.仿照例句改寫下列句子:Model:DoesMr.BlackliveinRoom203?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellmewhether(if)Mr.Blacklivesi
6、nRoom203?1.Wereyoupreparingforthesportsmeetyesterday?Canyoutellme?2.WillWeiFangcomebacksoon?Doyouknow?3.Wasyourteachersatisfiedwithyourwork?Couldyoutellme?4.Isyourmonitorgoingtoattendthemeeting?Idon’tknow.5.Cansheplaythepiano?Doyouknow?6.Hadshetaughtinthatmiddleschool
7、forfiveyearsbytheendoflastyear?Pleasetellus.7.Aretherelotsofwonderfultreasuresintombs?Doyouknow?8.IsComradeLigoingtoShanghaitomorrow?Doesanybodyknow?9.Haveyoudonemuchresearchsinceyouleftschool?Iwonder.10.Arewegoingtohaveatestnextweek?Theteacherdidn’ttellus.11.Issheint
8、heclassroom?Ididn’tknow.12.Youdidn’tbreakthemirror,didyou?Heaskedme.13.Thereweren’tanylettersthismorning,werethere?Maryasked