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1、風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)的電壓波動(dòng)研究摘要自然界中的風(fēng)能是不確定的,當(dāng)大規(guī)模的風(fēng)電功率注入電網(wǎng)時(shí)會(huì)引起電網(wǎng)的電壓波動(dòng)。本文首先分析了風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)引起電網(wǎng)電壓波動(dòng)的本質(zhì)原因是風(fēng)電場輸出功率的波動(dòng)。以雙饋型風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組為研究對(duì)象,在Matlab/Simulink中搭建了雙饋風(fēng)電機(jī)組并網(wǎng)仿真模型。仿真分析了風(fēng)電機(jī)組分別在恒電壓和恒功率控制方式下切入后的運(yùn)行特性及其對(duì)電網(wǎng)電壓的影響,結(jié)果表明恒功率控制較恒電壓控制方式具有更好的電壓質(zhì)量。風(fēng)電場輸出穩(wěn)定后,分析了風(fēng)速波動(dòng)及風(fēng)電場出口負(fù)荷波動(dòng)對(duì)電網(wǎng)電壓的影響,得出風(fēng)速和負(fù)荷波動(dòng)越嚴(yán)重,引起的電網(wǎng)電壓波動(dòng)越大。在風(fēng)速隨機(jī)波動(dòng)的
2、情況下,分析了系統(tǒng)短路容量和線路X/R值對(duì)風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)引起的電壓波動(dòng)的影響,結(jié)果表明系統(tǒng)短路容量越大,電壓波動(dòng)越小,合適的線路X/R值可將電壓波動(dòng)降為最小。最后,分析了系統(tǒng)分別發(fā)生單相、兩相和三相短路故障時(shí),風(fēng)電場的運(yùn)行狀況,得出三相短路故障最嚴(yán)重。關(guān)鍵詞:風(fēng)力發(fā)電、雙饋型風(fēng)電機(jī)組、電壓波動(dòng)、故障分析AbstractThewindenergyisuncertain,andwhenalargescalewindpowerisinjectedintothepowergrid,thevoltagefluctuationofthepowernetwork
3、iscaused.Inthispaper,theessentialcauseofthegridvoltagefluctuationisthefluctuationoftheoutputwindpower.Takingthedoublyfedwindturbineastheresearchobject,thegridconnectedsimulationmodelofthedoublyfedwindturbineisbuiltinMatlab/Simulink.Simulationandanalysisofthewindturbinerespe
4、ctivelyintheconstantvoltageandconstantpowercontrolmodeofthecutaftertheoperationcharacteristicsanditsinfluenceonthegridvoltage.Theresultsshowthatconstantpowercontrolwithconstantvoltagecontrolmodehasbettervoltagequality.Aftertheoutputofthewindfarmisstable,thewindspeedfluctuat
5、ionandthefluctuationofthewindfarmloadfluctuationareanalyzed.Thewindspeedandtheloadfluctuationaremoreserious,andthehigherthevoltagefluctuationofthenetworkis.Undertherandomfluctuationofwindvelocity,analyzesthesystemshortcircuitcapacityandlineX/Rofgridconnectedwindpowerduetovo
6、ltagefluctuations,theresultsshowthatthesystemshort-circuitcapacityismorebig,thevoltagefluctuationissmall,suitablelineX/Rvalueofvoltagefluctuationswillbereducedtoaminimum.Atlast,theoperatingconditionofthewindfarmisanalyzedwhenthesingle-phase,two-phaseandthree-phasefaultsoccu
7、rrespectively,andthemostseriousofthethree-phaseshort-circuitfaultisobtained.Keywords:windpowergeneration,windturbinedoubly-fedinductiongenerator,voltagefluctuation,faultanalysis目錄第1章緒論11.1選題背景及意義11.2國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀11.3本文主要工作2第2章風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)32.1風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)概述32.1.1恒速恒頻的異步風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)32.1.2直驅(qū)式永磁同步風(fēng)力發(fā)電
8、系統(tǒng)42.1.3變速恒頻的雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)42.2風(fēng)力機(jī)相關(guān)理論52.2.1風(fēng)力機(jī)基本工作原理52.2.2風(fēng)力機(jī)氣動(dòng)特性72.3雙饋異步發(fā)電機(jī)92.3.1雙饋異步發(fā)