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1、全國稀有金屬學(xué)術(shù)交流會(huì)論文集從鉛鋅冶煉廢渣中回收金屬銦的技術(shù)進(jìn)展及展望孫進(jìn)賀,賈永忠★,景燕,姚穎,馬軍(中國科學(xué)院青海鹽湖研究所,青海,西寧,810008)摘要:我國鉛鋅冶煉行業(yè)每年約產(chǎn)生四百萬噸廢渣,這些廢渣中含有大量經(jīng)過富集的稀散元素銦,對(duì)其進(jìn)行資源化利用不僅可產(chǎn)生極高的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值,而且由于廢渣的綜合利用和處理可產(chǎn)生良好的環(huán)境效益和社會(huì)效益。本文綜述了國內(nèi)外利用鉛鋅冶煉廢渣回收金屬銦的各種工藝和技術(shù),介紹了酸浸法、揮發(fā)法、萃取法、置換法等的研究和應(yīng)用進(jìn)展,重點(diǎn)介紹了氧壓酸浸法的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀,分析了現(xiàn)有生產(chǎn)工藝中存在的問題。對(duì)利用鉛鋅冶煉廢渣回收金屬銦的工藝發(fā)展趨勢(shì)
2、和方向進(jìn)行了展望:(1)深入研究鉛鋅冶煉廢渣中銦的浸取、富集、分離和提取機(jī)理,獲得銦在整體工藝流程中的分布及賦存形式,利用獲得的基礎(chǔ)研究結(jié)果和基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)建立銦的回收工藝全流程理論模型,為開發(fā)新工藝和改進(jìn)現(xiàn)有工藝提供理論依據(jù)和支撐;(2)在利用鉛鋅冶煉廢渣回收銦工藝中,兼顧鎵、鍺等稀散元素的綜合回收利用,開發(fā)砷、鎘、氟等共存元素的無害化回收處理技術(shù);(3)統(tǒng)籌考慮鉛、鋅、銦多種產(chǎn)品的共同開發(fā),做好生產(chǎn)工藝之間的銜接,建立鉛、鋅、銦一體化綜合利用工藝;(4)開發(fā)高效、穩(wěn)定的新型萃取劑或協(xié)同萃取劑,應(yīng)用離心萃取等分離新技術(shù)。關(guān)鍵詞:鉛鋅冶煉廢渣;銦;綜合利用;進(jìn)展;展望P
3、rogressandProspectofRecoveringIndiumfromPb-ZnSmeltingSlagsJinheSun,YongzhongJia,YanJing,ⅥngYao,JunMa(InstituteofSaltLakes,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Xining810008)Abstracts:4millionslagswereproducedfromPb—ZnmetallurgicalindustryinChinaannually.Inwhich,indiumwasenrichedinalargeamount.Noto
4、nlyeconomicbenefitsbutalsoenvironmentalandsocialbenefitscanbeproducedthroughcomprehensiveutilizationandtreatmentofPb—Znsmeltingslags.VariousprocessesandtechnologiesofrecoveringindiumfromPb—Znsmeltingslagswerereviewed.The92全國稀有金屬學(xué)術(shù)交流會(huì)論文集progressofresearchandapplicationforacidleachingme
5、thod,volatilizationmethod,extractionmethodandsubstitutionmethod,etcwaspresented.Theapplicationofoxidativepressureleachingmethodwasemphasized.Theproblemsexistingincurrentprocesseswereanalyzed.TheperspectiveoftendencyandorientationwascarriedoutfortheprocessofrecoveringindiumfromPb—Znsme
6、ltingslags:(1)Themechanismsofleaching,enrichment,separationandextractionduringrecoveringindiumfromPb—Znsmeltingslagswillbeinvestigateddeeply.Thedistributionandexistingformofindiumduringentirerecoveringprocesswillbeobtained.Thetheoreticalmodelofthewholeprocessofrecoveringindiumwillbebu
7、iltbyresultsanddataobtainedfrombasicresearch,whichwillprovidetheoreticalsupportingfordevelopingnewprocessandimprovingexistingprocesses.(2)thereclamationofgallium,germaniumetcwillbeconsideredduringrecoveringindiumfromPb—Znsmeltingslags.TheinnocenttreatmentmethodofAs,Cd,F(xiàn),etcwillbeexplo
8、“ed.(