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1、電纜故障定點(diǎn)儀畢業(yè)論文摘要隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，人們對(duì)電力輸電的要求越來越高，為了避免在地面上錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的電線對(duì)人們的生活帶來不便，在城市中大量的使用地埋電纜，地埋電纜線一旦發(fā)生故障，電力的維修的首要任務(wù)是精確定出地埋電纜的故障點(diǎn)。本文根據(jù)電纜故障點(diǎn)高壓放電時(shí)產(chǎn)生的聲音和磁信號(hào)，計(jì)算出磁、聲信號(hào)到達(dá)接收端的時(shí)間差，可快速準(zhǔn)確地找到故障點(diǎn)。本文針對(duì)上述需求，用能響應(yīng)微弱振動(dòng)的壓電陶瓷探頭探測(cè)高壓放電時(shí)產(chǎn)生的（振動(dòng)）聲音信號(hào)，用磁棒線圈探測(cè)高壓放電時(shí)產(chǎn)生的電磁信號(hào)，設(shè)計(jì)了微弱振動(dòng)信號(hào)的低噪聲帶通放大和50Hz陷波的模擬放大電路，和兼?zhèn)潆娎|路徑探測(cè)與聲磁同步定點(diǎn)的磁感應(yīng)信號(hào)放大電
2、路等硬件系統(tǒng)，以及相應(yīng)功能的軟件。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果證明，該儀器對(duì)達(dá)到了地埋電纜電纜故障點(diǎn)定點(diǎn)效果良好，且具有環(huán)境噪音屏蔽。關(guān)鍵詞：電纜故障定點(diǎn)儀聲磁時(shí)間差50Hz陷波AbstractWiththedevelopmentofsociety,people'srequirementofpowertransmissionishigherandhigher,inordertoavoidtheinconvenienceofintricatewireonthegroundinpeople'slives,peopleincreasinglyprefertocoverthecableunde
3、rtheground.But,comeproblemsatthesametime,ifthecableunderthegroundhasanyfaults,itisverydifficulttorecognisewherepointsoffaultarelocatedfromtheground,whichleadstoinconvenienceforelectricalmaintenance.Basedonthesignalofsoundandmagnetismwhichemergeswhenhighvoltagedischargingonpointoffaulti
4、nthecable,andcalculationthetimedifferencebetweenmagneticsignalandsoundsignaltoreachthereceiver,youcanquicklyandaccuratelyfindthepointoffailure.Inresponsetotheseneeds,theresponsetotheweakvibrationofpiezoelectricceramicprobetodetectthehigh-pressuredischarge(vibration),soundsignals,electr
5、omagneticsignalsgeneratedwhenthebarmagnetcoiltothedetectionofhigh-pressuredischarge,designthelownoiseoftheweakvibrationsignalthevocalcordspassenlargeand50HZnotchanalogamplifiercircuit,andboththesynchronizationpointmagneticinductionsignalinthecablepathdetectionandsound,andmagneticamplif
6、ierhardwaresystem,andthecorrespondingfeaturesofthesoftware.Theexperimentshowsthattheinstrumentcanquicklyandaccuratelyfixthepointofcablefault.And,what`smore,ithasthecharacteristicsofambientnoiseshieldingandautomaticallymutewhenpeopletouchclosetoit.Keywords:CablefaultstesterTimedifferenc
7、ebetweensoundandmagnetic50Hznotch目錄第一章緒論11.1電纜故障定點(diǎn)儀概述11.2電纜故障性質(zhì)與定位及精確定位21.2.1電纜故障性質(zhì)21.2.2電纜故障點(diǎn)預(yù)定位方法及其比較21.2.3電力電纜故障點(diǎn)精確定位與電纜識(shí)別方法6第二章硬件結(jié)構(gòu)原理及理論分析92.1系統(tǒng)框圖92.2壓電陶瓷的特性92.3電磁波傳感器設(shè)計(jì)112.4聲路前置帶通濾波器電路112.5陷波器與網(wǎng)絡(luò)匹配電路142.6功率放大器電路162.7磁信號(hào)通道的硬件結(jié)構(gòu)182.8欠采樣技術(shù)及理論分析222.8.1欠采樣目的222.8.2采樣的方法222.8.3采樣保持電路的
