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1、2012考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句突破講義l適用對(duì)象:考研學(xué)子,四級(jí),六級(jí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)或相當(dāng)英語(yǔ)者。l課程目的:打破英語(yǔ)閱讀學(xué)習(xí)的幻覺(jué),真正獲得一扇通向別樣美麗世界的窗戶,人生從此再無(wú)長(zhǎng)難句。為英語(yǔ)寫作夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。第一部分方法論講解n引子我們?yōu)槭裁匆x句子?自由筆記區(qū)un閱讀的實(shí)際過(guò)程是什么ln閱讀在句子層面的障礙?簡(jiǎn)單句的障礙來(lái)源簡(jiǎn)單句沒(méi)有障礙的情況:簡(jiǎn)單句的障礙來(lái)源:2簡(jiǎn)單句的障礙識(shí)別及處理方法n定語(yǔ)u前置定語(yǔ)u后置定語(yǔ)n.+21定語(yǔ)從句(不屬于簡(jiǎn)單句范疇)定語(yǔ)從句的作用:今生:Ihavethreebooksofwhichthe
2、redismyfavorite.前世:Ihavethreebooks.Theredofthoseismyfavorite.關(guān)系代詞:定語(yǔ)從句的連接詞:關(guān)系連詞:介詞+關(guān)系代詞:定語(yǔ)從句的處理方法:Eg1.ApoemlinedescribesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronabridgeoffwhichtheybothfallintotheriver.Eg2.Manisbornasablanksheetofpaperonwhicheachculturewritesi
3、tstext.n同位語(yǔ)普通同位語(yǔ):Eg1.Robotswillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves—goalsthatposearealchallenge.同位語(yǔ)從句n插入語(yǔ):萬(wàn)能插入語(yǔ):Ratherthan:n狀語(yǔ)21例1:Usingtechniquesdevelopedfortheoffshoreoilandgasindustry,theDSDP’sdrillship,theGlo
4、marChallenger,wasabletomaintainasteadypositionontheocean’ssurfaceanddrillinverydeepwaters,extractingsamplesofsedimentsandrocksfromtheoceanfloor.例2:Afewartcollectors---JamesBowdoinⅢofBoston,WilliamByrdofVirginian,andtheAliensAndHamiltonofPhiladelphia---introduce
5、dEuropeanarttraditionstothosecolonistsprivilegedtovisittheirgalleries,especiallyaspiringartists,andestablishedintheirrespectivecommunitiestheideaofthevalueartandtheneedforinstitutionsdevoteditsencouragement.?非簡(jiǎn)單句的障礙來(lái)源2非簡(jiǎn)單句的障礙解決方案n關(guān)聯(lián)詞和主句專一原則u關(guān)聯(lián)詞:u主句專一原則:2句子之間的關(guān)聯(lián)
6、方式u1.并列l(wèi)并列聯(lián)詞的用法u2.嵌套l常見(jiàn)的復(fù)雜句形式名詞性從句:三大從句:形容詞性從句:副詞性從句:常見(jiàn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞:名詞性從句:關(guān)系代詞:關(guān)系連詞:形容詞性從句:見(jiàn)定語(yǔ)從句副詞性從句:見(jiàn)后表格;區(qū)分幾個(gè)句式:Itistruethatsheisaboy.It+系動(dòng)詞+關(guān)系連詞+句子Itappearsthatthiscountyisgettingstronger.It+不及物動(dòng)詞+關(guān)系連詞+句子Thesunrisesthatlooksbeautiful.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+關(guān)系連詞+句子21Thenewsistruetha
7、tsheisaboy.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞+關(guān)系連詞+句子狀語(yǔ)從句種類常用連接詞特殊連接詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句When,while,as,before,since,till,until,assoonas1.一些時(shí)間名詞:themoment,theinstant,theminute,theday,nexttime,everytime2.一些副詞:instantly,immediately,directly3.固定搭配的連詞:nosooner---than,hardly---when,scarcely---when.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句Wh
8、ereWherever,anywhere,everywhere原因狀語(yǔ)從句Because,as,for,sinceSeeingthat,consideringthat,nowthat,giventhat,inthat,inasmuchas,insomuchas目的狀語(yǔ)從句Sothat,inorderthat,thatLest,forfearth