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1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn) 1.沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 2.有些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有過(guò)去式的變化: will→would,can→could,may→might,dare→daredcan(could) 1.表示能力?! woeyescanseemorethanone. 2.表示允許?! anIhavealookatyournewpen? Can(Could)youlendmeahand? 3.表驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度。主要用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句中?! herecan(could)theyhavegoneto? Hecan’t(couldn’
2、t)beoversixty. Howcanyoubesocareless? 4.表示猜測(cè)(肯定句把握較小;否定句幾乎為100%把握) Thetemperaturecanfallto10℃. Youcan’tbeserious.may(might) 1.表允許,might是may的過(guò)去式;用在疑問(wèn)中比may委婉、客氣。 Youmaytakewhateveryoulike. HetoldmethatImightsmokeintheroom. 2.表可能(事實(shí)上)。語(yǔ)氣不肯定。 Hemaybeathome.他可能在家。 Shemaynotknowa
3、boutit. Iamafraidtheymightnotagreewithhim. Theymightbehavingameeting,butI’mnotsure.must 1.表必須(主觀意志) Wemustdoeverythingwecantohelphim. Youmustn’ttalktoherlikethat. --Mustwehandinourexercisebooksnow? --No,youneedn’t./No,youdon’thaveto. 2.表示很有把握的推斷,意為“想必、準(zhǔn)是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。have(has)t
4、o: have(has)gotto必須,不得不。過(guò)去式為hadto?! emustbeill.Helookssopale. Shemusthavealotofmoney,forshedrivesaBMW.shall 1.表征詢意見(jiàn),用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句?! hallIgetyousometea? Shalltheboywaitoutside? It'safineday.Let'sgofishing,shallwe? 2.表說(shuō)話人的意愿,有“命令、允諾、警告、決心”等意思,用于第二、第三人稱陳述句。 YoushalldoasIsay.(命令)
5、 YoushallhavetheEnglishbookassoonasIfinishit.(允諾) Heshallbesorryforitoneday,Itellyou.(警告) Everythingthatheownsshallbetakenawayfromhim.(決心)will 1.表意愿,用于各種人稱陳述句?! willdoanythingforyou. Ifyouwillreadthebook,I’lllendittoyou. 2.表請(qǐng)求,用于疑問(wèn)句?! on'tsmokeinthemeetingroom,willyou? Won’t
6、youdrinksomemorecoffee? 3.表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。 Fishwilldieoutofwater. Thedoorwon’topen.would 1.表意愿?! heywouldnotlethiminbecausehewaspoorlydressed. 2.表委婉地提出請(qǐng)求、建議或看法?! ouldyoulikeanotherglassofbeer? 3.表過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去的一種傾向?! verytimeshewasintrouble,shewouldgotohimforhelp.should 1.表義務(wù)。意為“
7、應(yīng)該”,用于各種人稱?! oushouldlistentothedoctor'sadvice.你應(yīng)該聽(tīng)從醫(yī)生建議的?! oushouldstudythearticlecarefully.你應(yīng)該仔細(xì)讀那篇文章?! ?.表推測(cè),意為“想必一定、照說(shuō)應(yīng)該、估計(jì)”等?! hefilmshouldbeverygoodasitisstarringfirst-classactors. 那部電影想必很棒,都是一流的演員。 Theyshouldbehomebynow.現(xiàn)在他們應(yīng)該已經(jīng)到家了oughtt