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1、Book3intheLightandMatterseriesoffreeintroductoryphysicstextbookswww.lightandmatter.comTheLightandMatterseriesofintroductoryphysicstextbooks:1NewtonianPhysics2ConservationLaws3VibrationsandWaves4ElectricityandMagnetism5Optics6TheModernRevolutioninPhysics
2、BenjaminCrowellwww.lightandmatter.comFullerton,Californiawww.lightandmatter.comcopyright1998-2005BenjaminCrowelledition2.2rev.13thOctober2006ThisbookislicensedundertheCreativeCom-monsAttribution-ShareAlikelicense,version1.0,http://creativecommons.org/li
3、censes/by-sa/1.0/,exceptforthosephotographsanddrawingsofwhichIamnottheauthor,aslistedinthephotocredits.Ifyouagreetothelicense,itgrantsyoucertainprivilegesthatyouwouldnototherwisehave,suchastherighttocopythebook,ordownloadthedigitalversionfreeofchargefro
4、mwww.lightandmatter.com.Atyouroption,youmayalsocopythisbookundertheGNUFreeDocumentationLicenseversion1.2,http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.txt,withnoinvariantsections,nofront-covertexts,andnoback-covertexts.ISBN0-9704670-3-6ToDizandBird.BriefContents1Vibr
5、ations132Resonance253FreeWaves474BoundedWaves75Contents1Vibrations1.1Period,Frequency,andAmplitude.151.2SimpleHarmonicMotion.....17Whyaresine-wavevibrationssocommon?,17.—Periodisapproximatelyindependentofamplitude,iftheamplitudeissmall.,18.1.3?Proofs...
6、.........20Summary.............22Problems.............233FreeWaves3.1WaveMotion..........491.Superposition,49.—2.Themediumisnottransportedwiththewave.,51.—3.Awave’svelocitydependsonthemedium.,52.—Wavepatterns,53.3.2WavesonaString........54Intuitiveideas
7、,54.—Approximatetreatment,55.—Rigorousderivationusingcalculus(optional),56.3.3SoundandLightWaves.....582ResonanceSoundwaves,58.—Lightwaves,592.1EnergyinVibrations.......262.2EnergyLostFromVibrations...292.3PuttingEnergyIntoVibrations...312.4?Proofs.....
8、.......39Statement2:maximumamplitudeatresonance,40.—Statement3:amplitudeatresonanceproportionaltoQ,40.—Statement4:FWHMrelatedtoQ,40.Summary.............41.Problems.............433.4PeriodicWaves.........60Periodandfrequencyofaper
