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1、南京工業(yè)大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)企達(dá)工業(yè)(南京)有限公司生產(chǎn)廠房設(shè)計(jì)摘要在建筑物結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)中,框架結(jié)構(gòu)常被作為一個(gè)重要且標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的型式而采用。它適用于低層、多層建筑物,亦可用于超高層建筑物。同剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)相比,這種結(jié)構(gòu)更適合在建筑物的內(nèi)部或者外圍的墻體上開(kāi)設(shè)規(guī)則孔洞。同時(shí)它還能充分利用建筑物內(nèi)在任何情況下都要采用的梁和柱的剛度,但當(dāng)柱子與梁剛性連接時(shí),通過(guò)框架受彎來(lái)抵抗水平和豎向荷載會(huì)使這些柱子的承載能力變得更大。大多情況下,框架的剛度不如剪力墻,因此對(duì)于細(xì)長(zhǎng)的建筑物將會(huì)出現(xiàn)過(guò)度變形。但正是因?yàn)槠淙嵝裕沟闷渑c剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)相比具有更大的延性,因而地震荷
2、載下不易發(fā)生事故。例如,如果框架局部出現(xiàn)超應(yīng)力時(shí),那么其延性就會(huì)允許整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)倒塌事故。因此,框架結(jié)構(gòu)常被視為最好的高層抗震結(jié)構(gòu)。另一方面,設(shè)計(jì)得好的剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)也不可能倒塌。當(dāng)然,還可以在建筑結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)中,將框架結(jié)構(gòu)和剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)合起來(lái)使用。例如,在房屋建筑上使用框架,而在其中可以使用剪力墻。對(duì)于很多多高層建筑,如果墻體和筒架進(jìn)行合理地安排與連接,會(huì)起到很好的抵抗側(cè)向荷載的作用。還要求由這些結(jié)構(gòu)體系提供的剛度在各個(gè)方向上應(yīng)大體對(duì)稱。關(guān)鍵詞:結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)框架結(jié)構(gòu)鋼框AbstractI南京工業(yè)大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)Inthedesignofarch
3、itecturalbuildings,rigid-framesystemshavebeenacceptedasanimportantandstandardmeans.Theyarethesamewith?lowandmediumbuildingsfordesigningbuildings.Theyareemployedforlow-andmediumuptohigh-risebuilding.Comparedtoshear-wallsystems,theserigidframesbothwithinandattheoutsideofabuild
4、ings.Theyalsomakeuseofthestiffnessinbeamsandcolumnsthatarerequiredforthebuildingsinanycase,butthecolumnsaremadestrongerwhenrigidlyconnectedtoresistthelateralaswellasverticalforcesthoughframebending.Frequently,rigidframeswillnotbeasstiffasshear-wallconstruction,andthereforema
5、yproduceexcessivedeflectionsforthemoreslenderhigh-risebuildingsdesigns.Butbecauseofthisflexibility,theyareoftenconsideredasbeingmoreductileandthuslesssusceptibletocatastrophicearthquakefailurewhencomparedwith(some)shear-walldesigns.Forexample,ifoverstressingoccursatcertainpo
6、rtionsofasteelrigidframe,ductilitywillallowthestructureasawholetodeflectalittlemore,butitwillbynomeanscollapseevenunderamuchlargerforcethanexpectedonthestructure.Forthisreason,rigid-frameconstructionisconsideredbysometobea“best”seismic-resistingtypeforhigh-risesteelbuildings
7、.Ontheotherhand,itisalsounlikelythatawell-designedshare-wallsystemwouldcollapse.Ofcourse,itisalsopossibletocombinerigid-frameconstructionwithshear-wallsystemsinonebuildings,F(xiàn)orexample,thebuildingsgeometrymaybesuchthatrigidframescanbeusedinonedirectionwhileshearwallsmaybeused
8、intheotherdirection?!綤eyword】:thestructuredesign;Framestructure;Steelstruct