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1、AnintroductiontoNeuralNetworks..BenKrosePatrickvanderSmagtEightheditionNovember19962c1996TheUniversityofAmsterdam.Permissionisgrantedtodistributesinglecopiesofthisbookfornon-commercialuse,aslongasitisdistributedasawholeinitsoriginalform,andthenamesoftheauthorsandtheUniversityof
2、Amsterdamarementioned.Permissionisalsograntedtousethisbookfornon-commercialcourses,providedtheauthorsarenotiedofthisbeforehand.Theauthorscanbereachedat:BenKrosePatrickvanderSmagtFacultyofMathematics&ComputerScienceInstituteofRoboticsandSystemDynamicsUniversityofAmsterdamGerman
3、AerospaceResearchEstablishmentKruislaan403,NL{1098SJAmsterdamP.O.Box1116,D{82230WesslingTHENETHERLANDSGERMANYPhone:+31205257463Phone:+498153282400Fax:+31205257490Fax:+498153281134email:krose@fwi.uva.nlemail:smagt@dlr.deURL:http://www.fwi.uva.nl/research/neuro/URL:http://www.op.
4、dlr.de/FF-DR-RS/ContentsPreface9IFUNDAMENTALS111Introduction132Fundamentals152.1Aframeworkfordistributedrepresentation:::::::::::::::::::::152.1.1Processingunits::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::152.1.2Connectionsbetweenunits::::::::::::::::::::::::::162.1.3Activationandoutputrul
5、es::::::::::::::::::::::::::162.2Networktopologies:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::172.3Trainingofarticialneuralnetworks:::::::::::::::::::::::::182.3.1Paradigmsoflearning:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::182.3.2Modifyingpatternsofconnectivity::::::::::::::::::::::182.4Notationan
6、dterminology:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::182.4.1Notation:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::192.4.2Terminology::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::19IITHEORY213PerceptronandAdaline233.1Networkswiththresholdactivationfunctions::::::::::::::::::::233.2Perceptronlearningruleandcon
7、vergencetheorem:::::::::::::::::243.2.1ExampleofthePerceptronlearningrule:::::::::::::::::::253.2.2Convergencetheorem:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::253.2.3TheoriginalPerceptron::::::::::::::::::::::::::::263.3Theadaptivelinearelement(Adaline)::::::::::::::::::::::::273.4Networksw
8、ithlinearactivationfunctions:thedeltarule:::::::::::::