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1、全球氣候變化對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的影響——以對(duì)中國農(nóng)業(yè)得的影響為例全球氣候變化及影響(選修課)結(jié)業(yè)論文論題:全球氣候變化對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的影響——以對(duì)中國農(nóng)業(yè)影響為例-7-全球氣候變化對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的影響——以對(duì)中國農(nóng)業(yè)得的影響為例摘要根據(jù)全球氣候的變化,大氣中溫室氣體的濃度在逐漸升高,預(yù)計(jì)2030年CO2濃度將加倍.溫室氣體產(chǎn)生溫室效應(yīng),會(huì)使大氣升溫,全球平均降水增加,海平面升高等,這些變化對(duì)全球農(nóng)業(yè)將產(chǎn)生深刻影響。作物光合作用會(huì)增強(qiáng),但農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量可能下降;土壤水分有效利用率將發(fā)生變化;農(nóng)作物分布區(qū)域和面積將有大幅度變更;災(zāi)害性天氣可能會(huì)增加;農(nóng)業(yè)病蟲害因氣溫升高可能會(huì)擴(kuò)大危害;海平面升高會(huì)淹沒一些土
2、地,并使鹽漬化擴(kuò)大。在全球氣候變化背景下,中國的氣溫不斷增高,近50年中國年平均地表氣溫增加了1.1℃,明顯高于全球;降水變化趨勢(shì)不明顯,年代際波動(dòng)較大,也存在明顯的地區(qū)差別;極端天氣氣候事件不斷增多;氣候變暖將使中國各類自然植被發(fā)生明顯北移,土地荒漠化危害范圍加大,土壤肥力下降,并增加農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉的需水量,農(nóng)業(yè)水資源供需矛盾加劇。農(nóng)業(yè)是與人類關(guān)系最為密切的產(chǎn)業(yè),氣候變化的農(nóng)業(yè)后果研究需進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。關(guān)鍵詞:氣候變化;農(nóng)業(yè)影響;溫室效應(yīng);中國農(nóng)業(yè)-7-全球氣候變化對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的影響——以對(duì)中國農(nóng)業(yè)得的影響為例AbstractAccordingtothechangeofglobalcl
3、imate,theconcentrationofgreenhousegasesisincreasingandCO2willbedoubledin2030.Theeffectsofgreenhouseduetogreenhousegases,willincreasethemeantemperature,meanprecipitationontheearth,andwillriseinsealevel.Allthesechangeswillaffectagriculturesignificantly.Therateofphotosynthesisofcropplantswil
4、lgoup,buttheyieldqualityunderadoublingCO2maydecrease.Soilwaterusebyplantsmaychange.Thedistributionandareasofcropswillmovetowardthenorth.Theeffectsofdrought,heatstress,storms,severefrostsetc.willincrease.Thedistributionandintensityofharmfulnessofagriculturalpestsanddiseasetothecropsmaybeex
5、tended.Somelow-lyingcroplandsmaybelossthroughtheinundationandmayincreasesalinityofcoastalgroundwaterduetothehighersealevel.Underthebackgroundoftheglobalclimatechange,themeantemperaturecontinuestoriseinChinaduringthelast50years,withannualmeansurfaceairtemperaturebeingincreasedby1.1℃,higher
6、thantheglobaltemperatureincrease;Theprecipitationtrendsarenotobvious,withlargeinterdecadalfluctuationsandsignificantregionaldifferences;thenumberofextremeweatherandclimateeventsgrows.Agricultureisthemostcloselyrelatedtohumanliving,theconsequenteffectsofglobalclimatechangeonagricultureneed
7、furtherstudyinfuture.Keywords:Globalclimatechange;Agricultureeffects;Effectsofgreenhouse;Chineseagriculture-7-全球氣候變化對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的影響——以對(duì)中國農(nóng)業(yè)得的影響為例目錄1.引言12.全球氣候變化的原因12.1人口的增加12.2大氣環(huán)境污染12.3海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化因素12.4土地遭侵蝕、沙化等破壞因素22.5森林銳減23.全球氣候變化的趨勢(shì)24.氣候變化對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)氣候資源的影響24.1氣候變化對(duì)光資源的影響24.2氣候變化對(duì)熱