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1、初中英語定語從句講解及練習(xí)一.定語從句及相關(guān)術(shù)語1.定語從句：修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句稱為定語從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。2.關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞成為關(guān)系詞?關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that,which,who,whom,whose,as?等；?關(guān)系副詞有where,when,why等。?關(guān)系詞常有3個(gè)作用：1，引導(dǎo)定語從句。2，代替先行詞。3，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。二.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.who指人，在從句中做主語?(1)theboyswhoareplayingfootballarefrom
2、classone.?(2)yesterdayihelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，?？墒÷?。?(1)mr.liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.?(2)mr.lingisjusttheboywhomiwanttosee.???注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。?(3)themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時(shí)
3、可省略?(1)footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.?(2)thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4.that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可省略。?(5)thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.?(6)whereisthemanthat/whomisawthismorning?5.whose通常指
4、人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語?(1)hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.?(2)ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替?(3)theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.?(4)theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.?(5)doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow??(6)doyo
5、ulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?三.介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句????關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時(shí)，從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)?(1)theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.?(2)theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.?(3)tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazine(that/which)youaskedfor.?(4)tomorrowiwillbringhere
6、amagazineforwhichyouasked.?(5)we'llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/that/who)wehaveoftentalkedabout.?(6)we'llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.?注意：1.?含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語一般不拆開使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等?(1)thisisthewatchwhich/thatiamlookingfor.(t)?(2)thisisthewa
7、tchforwhichiamlooking.(f)2.?若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom，不可用who或者that；指物時(shí)用which，不能用that；關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)用whose?(1)themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.(t)?(2)themanwho/thatyoutalkedwithismyfriend.(f)?(3)theplaneinwhichweflewtocanadaisverycomfortable.(t)?(4)theplaneinthatweflewintocana
8、daisverycomfortable.(f)?3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代詞或者數(shù)詞?(1)helovedhisparents
