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《高考語(yǔ)法專題輔導(dǎo)-動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在行業(yè)資料-天天文庫(kù)。
1、【專題五】動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)【考點(diǎn)分析】1.對(duì)下列十種時(shí)態(tài)的考查:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)將來(lái)完成時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)2.既考查時(shí)態(tài)又考查語(yǔ)態(tài);3.考查動(dòng)詞的及物與不及物;4.考查主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義;5.考查動(dòng)詞詞組在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的介詞問(wèn)題;6.對(duì)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)習(xí)慣句型的考查?!局R(shí)點(diǎn)歸納】I.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)do/does,(is/am/are)did,(was/were)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)is/am/aredoingwas/weredoing現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)has/havedonehaddone現(xiàn)在
2、完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)has/havebeendoinghadbeendoing一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)will/shalldois/am/aregoingtodois/am/are(about)todowould/shoulddowas/weregoingtodowas/were(about)todo被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)is/am/aredonewas/weredone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)is/am/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)has/havebeendonehadbeendone一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)will/shallbedon
3、eis/am/aregoingtobedoneis/am/are(about)tobedonewould/shouldbedonewas/weregoingtobedonewas/were(about)tobedoneII.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第11頁(yè)共11頁(yè)①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作、客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)、格言,目前的特征、狀態(tài)、能力等;②主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí),時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái);I’llgothereafterIfinishmywork.Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwon’tgothere.③在以here,there開(kāi)頭的句子里,go,come等
4、少數(shù)動(dòng)詞的一般在時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作;Theregoesthebell.鈴響了。Therecomesthebus.汽車來(lái)了。Hereshecomes.她來(lái)了。注意:近幾年,對(duì)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)考生進(jìn)行干擾Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrosstheopensea,which_____thePacific,andwemetnostorm.A.wascalledB.iscalledC.hadbeencalledD.hasbeencalled雖然航海發(fā)生在過(guò)去,但是,海洋的名稱不會(huì)因此而變化,所以要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)①表示正
5、在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作;②表示按計(jì)劃安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。SheisleavingforBeijing.她要去北京。Heisworkingasateachertomorrow.從明天起他要做老師。MyfatheriscomingtoseemethisSaturday.這個(gè)星期六我爸爸要來(lái)看我。③代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),描繪更加生動(dòng)。TheChangjiangRiverisflowingintotheeast.江水滾滾向東流。Thesunisrisingintheeast.太陽(yáng)從東方冉冉升起。④與always,forever,constantly,continually連用,表示贊賞或厭惡等感情色彩,但并非強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作
6、正在進(jìn)行;Heisalwayshelpingothers.他總是肯幫助他人。Sheisalwaysforgettingsomething.她老是忘記某些事情。⑤大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞可用于進(jìn)行時(shí),但也有些動(dòng)詞不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。常見(jiàn)的有:▲感覺(jué)類:look,smell,feel,sound,taste,see,hear▲情感類:like,love,prefer,admire,hate,fear▲心態(tài)類:wish,hope,expect,want,need,believe,think,understand,agree,knowt▲所有類:have,contain,won,hold,belongto等。3.現(xiàn)在完成
7、時(shí)①表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果,或說(shuō)話時(shí)已完成的動(dòng)作;Ihavefinishedthereport./Shehascleanedtheroom.②表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始,待續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),往往和“for...”,“since...”表述的一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用;HehaslearnedEnglishforsixyears./Theyhaveworkedheresincetheyleftcol