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1、采煤概論復習資料（Reviewmaterialsforcoalminingintroduction）Fortheconvenienceofdrainage,theaditmusthave3%~5%waterslope.Accordingtotherelativepositionsoftheaditandthecoalseam,itcanbedividedintoonetothehorizontaladitandtheverticaladit.Thebottomofthewellisthegeneralnameofasetofroadwaysandtunnelsconn
2、ectingtheshaftofthewellboreandthemainstonegate.Thetransportationlineofthebottomholeincludesthestorageline,thedrivinglineandtheauxiliaryline.Thebottomholecanbedividedintotwotypes:ringformandreturn-type.Theringyardcanbedividedintohorizontal,obliqueandvertical.Atpresent,therearetwokindsoft
3、ransportationmethods:railtransitandbeltconveyor.Accordingtothecoalseamnumberofthetransportationroadwayservice,thelayoutofthetransportationroadwaycanbedividedintothreekinds:themainlane,themaintransportationandthemainroad,andthemainroad.Thetransportationofthemainroadtowardsthebottomofthes
4、haft,generallyshouldmaintain3%%ofthedownhill.Itisalsopreferabletoreducetheamountofwaterdisplacementortopreventgutterandtheslopeoftheroadway.Theconstructionofthewellroadwayisfirsttobreaktherock,andthecommonlyusedrockbreakingmethodhastwokindsofmechanicalrockbreakingandblastingrock.Thebasi
5、croofofdifferentlevelsisdifferentforthefirsttime,generallyabout20-35m.Alongtheairroute,thetunnelingshouldbestartedaftertheroofisstable.Thesiteofcoalmininginthemineiscalledcoalminingface.Thestrataofthetopfloorofthecoalseamconstitutethesurroundingrockoftheminingfield.Thesurroundingrockgen
6、erallyincludesthefollowingfourparts:1.Thesizeoftheinitialstepdistanceisrelatedtothethicknessofthebasicroof,lithology,geologicalstructureandotherfactors,Thetypesofscaffoldsandtheinteractionmodesofbracketsandsurroundingrockscanbedividedintothreetypes:bracing,screenandsupport.Thepressureof
7、airflowinundergroundroadwayiscausedbymechanicalwindpressurecausedbyventilationmachinery.Ventilationiscalledmechanicalventilationbymechanicalwindpressure.Theventilatorisdividedintotwokinds:centrifugalfanandaxialflowfanaccordingtothestructure.Mineventilationmethodistheworkingmeth
