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1、------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------空間光學(xué)合成孔徑成像系統(tǒng)原理與關(guān)鍵技術(shù)分析[1]R第33卷第4期光電工程Vol.33,No.42006年4月Opto-ElectronicEngineeringApril,2006文章編號(hào):1003-501X(2006)04-0039-05空間光學(xué)合成孔徑成像系統(tǒng)原理與關(guān)鍵技術(shù)分析王治樂(lè),陳旗海,張偉(哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)空間光學(xué)工程研究中心,黑龍江哈
2、爾濱150001)摘要:根據(jù)傅里葉成像理論,分析了光學(xué)合成孔徑系統(tǒng)成像原理,指出光瞳函數(shù)的離散化,提高了光學(xué)合成孔徑成像系統(tǒng)的分辨本領(lǐng),但降低了系統(tǒng)傳函中頻性能,并使系統(tǒng)在信息獲取時(shí)具有方向選擇性。運(yùn)用遺傳算法對(duì)光瞳構(gòu)形進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,光瞳優(yōu)化后,四孔徑系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化參數(shù)從310.8降到13.7,減小了23倍。在合成孔徑成像系統(tǒng)單個(gè)子孔徑存在像差的情況下,Piston誤差對(duì)系統(tǒng)的影響最大,其次是離焦誤差、傾斜誤差、球差、彗差和像散,對(duì)于四孔徑系統(tǒng),Piston誤差對(duì)系統(tǒng)的影響幾乎是離焦誤差的2倍,像散的4倍。系統(tǒng)曝光時(shí)間與填充比的平方或立方成反
3、比。關(guān)鍵詞:成像系統(tǒng);合成孔徑;光學(xué)傳遞函數(shù);圖像恢復(fù);空間光學(xué)中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):TH743文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:ATheoryandkeytechnologyforspaceopticalsynthetic——————————————————————————————————————------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------apertureimagingsystemWANGZhi-le,CHENQi-h
4、ai,ZHANGWei(ResearchCentreforSpaceOpticalEngineering,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin150001,China)Abstract:BasedonFourierimagingtheory,theperformancesofopticalsyntheticapertureimagingsystemareanalyzed.Pupilfunctionisnotcontinuous,soopticalsyntheticapertureimagingsyste
5、mgetshigherresolutionatthecostofthelossofmid-spatialfrequencyofModulationTransferFunction(MTF).Theinformationtranslatedbythesystemisdifferentinalldirections.Thepupilconfigurationsareoptimizedbythegeneticalgorithms.Theparameterofoptimalfouraperturesystemischangedfrom310.
6、8to13.7,anddecreasednearly23times.WhenoneelementofanN-elementarrayisaberrated,themostsensitiveaberrationisPistonerror,andthenthesensitiveaberrationsareelementdefocus,tilt,sphericalaberration,comaandastigmatism.Asforfouraperturesystem,theinfluenceofPistonerroris2timeslar
7、gerthanthatofdefocus,and4timeslargerthanthatofastigmatism.Imagingintegrationtimeisinverselyproportionaltothesquareorcubeofthefillfactor.Keywords:Imagingsystem;Syntheticaperture;Opticaltransferfunctions;Imagerestoration;Spaceoptics引言——————————————————————————————————————
8、------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------雖然空間光學(xué)成像系統(tǒng)克服了大