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1、心理學(xué)理論流派（theMainTheories）第一節(jié)精神分析理論（Psychoanalysis）Sigmund.FreudAnAustrianpsychiatristandpsychologistAfounderofpsychoanalysis1900-《interpretationofdreams》ProducinggreatinfluencesinmanyfieldsViennauniversityLearninghypnotherapyWhatispsychoanalysis？OneofthemaintheoriesinpsychologyTreatmentofmentaldisor
2、dersbybringingrepressedthoughtsintoconsciousmindtechniques:dreamanalysis,transferencefreeassociation,resistanceTheclassictheoryismodelofthepsychemodelofthepsycheConsciouspreconsciousUnconsciousconscious(small)thepartofabovethesurfaceofwaterthepartofthemindwhatyou’reawareof.sensation,perception,thin
3、king,emotionthepartwhichisrelatedtorealitypreconscious(small-medium)thepartnearthesurfaceofwaterordinarymemoriesandstoredknowledgecanbebroughtintoconscious.unconscious(enormous)Themostpartbeneaththesurfaceofwaterthispartcontainsimmoralurges,shamefulexperience,irrationalwishesandunacceptablesexualde
4、siresasadumpboxforurges,feelingsandideasexertinginfluenceonouractionsandourconsciousawarenesscanberevealedbydreams,hypnosisandunintentionalverbalerrororwritingerrorPersonalitystructureIdEgosuperegoTHEID(“It”)functionsintheirrationalandemotionalpartofthemind.theIdistheprimitivemind.Itcontainsalltheb
5、asicneedsandfeelings.libido(psychicenergy).ithasonlyonerule—the“pleasureprinciple”Idtoostrong=self-gratificationanduncaringtoothersTHEEGO:(“I”)functionswiththerationalpartofthemind.theEgorelatestotherealworldoperatesviathe“realityprinciple”.theEgorealizestheneedforcompromiseandnegotiatesbetweentheI
6、dandtheSuperego.egotoostrong=extremelyrationalandefficient,butcold,boringanddistantTHESUPEREGO(“Over-I”)thesuperegoisthelastpartofthemindtodevelop.Itmightbecalledthemoralpartofthemind.Itworksbyprincipleofideal.superegotoostrong=feelsguiltyallthetime,mayevenhaveaninsufferablysaintlypersonality.Orals
7、tageAnalstagePhallicstageLatencystageGenitalstagePsychosexualdevelopmenttheory口唇期指0～1歲發(fā)育期。這一時(shí)期嬰兒原始欲力的滿足，主要靠口腔部位的吸吮、咀嚼、吞咽等活動(dòng)來(lái)獲得滿足，嬰兒的快樂(lè)也多來(lái)自口腔的活動(dòng)。指1～4歲的幼兒期。原始欲力主要靠排泄和控制大小便時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的刺激快感獲得滿足,對(duì)權(quán)利和意愿的軀體表達(dá)方式；衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣訓(xùn)練的關(guān)鍵
