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1、Unit1theowner’sperspective第1單元業(yè)主的觀點(diǎn)1.2MajorTypesofConstruction1.2大建筑類型Sincemostownersaregenerallyinterestedinacquiringonlyaspecifictypeofconstructedfacility,theyshouldbeawareofthecommonindustrialpracticesforthetypeofconstructionpertinenttothem[1].Likewise,thecon
2、structionindustryisaconglomerationofquitediversesegmentsandproducts.Someownersmayprocureaconstructedfacilityonlyonceinalongwhileandtendtolookforshorttermadvantages.However,manyownersrequireperiodicacquisitionofnewfacilitiesand/orrehabilitationofexistingfacilitie
3、s.Itistotheiradvantagetokeeptheconstructionindustryhealthyandproductive.Collectively,theownershavemorepowertoinfluencetheconstructionindustrythantheyrealizebecause,bytheirindividualactions,theycanprovideincentivesforinnovation,efficiencyandqualityinconstruction[
4、2].Itistotheinterestofallpartiesthattheownerstakeanactiveinterestintheconstructionandexercisebeneficialinfluenceontheperformanceoftheindustry.由于大多數(shù)業(yè)主通常只對(duì)獲得特定類型的建筑設(shè)施感興趣，所以他們應(yīng)該了解與他們有關(guān)的建筑類型的常見(jiàn)工業(yè)實(shí)踐[1]。同樣，建筑行業(yè)是一個(gè)相當(dāng)多樣化的部門和產(chǎn)品的集團(tuán)。一些業(yè)主可能會(huì)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間采購(gòu)建筑設(shè)施一次，并傾向于尋找短期優(yōu)勢(shì)。然而，許多業(yè)主需要定
5、期收購(gòu)新設(shè)施和/或修復(fù)現(xiàn)有設(shè)施。保持建筑業(yè)的健康和生產(chǎn)力是有利的?？偟膩?lái)說(shuō)，業(yè)主對(duì)施工行業(yè)的影響力比他們意識(shí)到的要大，因?yàn)樗麄兛梢酝ㄟ^(guò)個(gè)人行動(dòng)來(lái)提供創(chuàng)新，效率和施工質(zhì)量的激勵(lì)[2]。所有各方的利益，業(yè)主積極興趣，對(duì)行業(yè)表現(xiàn)有利影響。Inplanningforvarioustypesofconstruction,themethodsofprocuringprofessionalservices,awardingconstructioncontracts,andfinancingtheconstructedfacility
6、canbequitedifferent.Forthepurposeofdiscussion,thebroadspectrumofconstructedfacilitiesmaybeclassifiedintofourmajorcategories,eachwithitsowncharacteristics.在規(guī)劃各類施工時(shí)，采購(gòu)專業(yè)服務(wù)，授予施工合同，建設(shè)設(shè)施融資方式可能有很大的不同。為了討論的目的，廣泛的建筑設(shè)施可以分為四個(gè)主要類別，每個(gè)類別都有自己的特點(diǎn)。ResidentialHousingConstruction
7、住宅建設(shè)Residentialhousingconstructionincludessingle-familyhouses,multi-familydwellings,andhigh-riseapartments[3].Duringthedevelopmentandconstructionofsuchprojects,thedevelopersorsponsorswhoarefamiliarwiththeconstructionindustryusuallyserveassurrogateownersandtakech
8、arge,makingnecessarycontractualagreementsfordesignandconstruction,andarrangingthefinancingandsaleofthecompletedstructures[4].Residentialhousingdesignsareusuallyperfor
