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1、African-Americanliterature’sContributionToAmericanLiteratureIntroductionInbroadterms,African-AmericanliteraturecanbedefinedaswritingsmadebypeopleofAfricandescentlivingintheUnitedStates.Itishighlyvaried.African-AmericanliteraturehasgenerallyfocusedontheroleofAfricanAmericanswithinthelargeAm
2、ericansocietyandwhatitmeanstobeanAmerican.Itbeginswiththeworksofsuchlate18thcenturywritersasPhillisWheatleyandOlaudahEquiano,reachingearlyhighpointswithslavenarrativesofthenineteenthcentury.African-Americanliteraturehasthreefloweringperiodsin20thcentury.Inthe1920sand1930stheHarlemRenaissan
3、ceapproacheddualism.TheHarlemRenaissancereferstotheAfrican-Americanboomofculturalexpressionthatpeakedinthe1920s.ItwasacelebrationofAfrican-Americanheritageexpressedthroughanoutpouringofart,literature,dance,andmusic.Itwashelpedalongbyintellectualsandtheexpansionofurbancultures.Artisticexpre
4、ssionandarticulatedappreciationofAfrican-AmericanculturehelpedtogetwhiteAmericanstotakenoticeofthetalentsofblackAmericansforthefirsttime.TheHarlemRenaissancesucceededindestroyingsomeracistideasthroughbrilliantworksinsong,dance,paintandprint.Forthefirsttime,white-ownedpublishinghousespublis
5、hedbookswrittenbyblackauthors.SomewhiteAmericanshelpedtopromotetheliteraryworksofblackAmericanstothewhitecommunity.Black-ownedbusinesseshelpedblackartists.TheHarlemRenaissancewasaboutbeingproudtobeAfrican-American,orablackAmerican.BlackfigureswerenowbeingdepictedinAmericanart.Blackmusician
6、swereplayingtowhitecrowds.JazzandbluesaswellasgospeltypesofmusicwereverypopularduringtheHarlemRenaissance.African-Americanplays,poetry,fictionandessayswereproducedatahighrate.LangstonHugheswrotefictionworksrelatingtoblackAmericanexperiencessuchasinhispoemTheNegroSpeaksofRivers.DukeEllingto
7、n,LouisArmstrong,BillieHolidayandEllaFitzgeraldaresomeofthegreatAfrican-AmericanmusicalartiststocomeoutoftheHarlemRenaissance.TheHarlemRenaissancebegantodeclinebythemiddleofthe1930s.TheGreatDepressionwaspartlyresponsiblefortheendoftheHarlemRenaissance.Inthe194
