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1、III交流電機(jī)軟啟動(dòng)的技術(shù)原理與仿真摘要本文首先闡述了交流電機(jī)的直接啟動(dòng),論述了直接啟動(dòng)的危害如電網(wǎng)沖擊,機(jī)械沖擊,對(duì)生產(chǎn)機(jī)械的沖擊等,敘述了交流電機(jī)直接啟動(dòng)的限制條件;并且將交流電機(jī)的直接啟動(dòng)和軟啟動(dòng)進(jìn)行比較,得出了軟啟動(dòng)對(duì)電網(wǎng)沖擊小,轉(zhuǎn)矩沖擊小且減少了對(duì)機(jī)器本身的損壞等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。其次詳細(xì)論述了幾種主要的交流電機(jī)降壓?jiǎn)?dòng)原理。在這基礎(chǔ)上詳述了軟啟動(dòng)的啟動(dòng)原理,給出了限流軟啟動(dòng)、電壓斜坡啟動(dòng)、轉(zhuǎn)矩控制啟動(dòng)、轉(zhuǎn)矩加突跳控制啟動(dòng)、電壓控制啟動(dòng)等幾種啟動(dòng)方法和曲線圖。然后分別對(duì)每種啟動(dòng)方式的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明,得出了比較好的啟動(dòng)方式是電壓控制啟動(dòng)、轉(zhuǎn)矩控制啟動(dòng)和轉(zhuǎn)矩加
2、突跳控制啟動(dòng),并且對(duì)變頻調(diào)速做了淺談使之與軟啟動(dòng)進(jìn)行比較得出了軟啟動(dòng)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。再次借助Matlab/Simulink工具箱和電氣系統(tǒng)模塊庫(kù)(PowerSystemBlockset)對(duì)交流電機(jī)的軟啟動(dòng)過(guò)程進(jìn)行仿真研究,建立了三相交流電壓環(huán)節(jié)模塊、同步環(huán)節(jié)模塊、脈沖發(fā)生模塊、三相交流調(diào)壓模塊、電機(jī)及測(cè)量模塊、電流反饋、啟動(dòng)控制和電機(jī)切換等環(huán)節(jié)封裝模塊,構(gòu)建了完整的仿真系統(tǒng)模型,并分析了每個(gè)模塊的建立過(guò)程,參數(shù)設(shè)定及基本功能,給出了仿真結(jié)果,并對(duì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析和驗(yàn)證。最后歸納總結(jié)目前軟啟動(dòng)技術(shù)的特性,指出目前軟啟動(dòng)產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)應(yīng)考慮的因素以及軟啟動(dòng)的發(fā)展,軟啟動(dòng)的節(jié)
3、能。關(guān)鍵字:交流電機(jī),軟啟動(dòng),仿真,matlab,節(jié)能IIISimulatingandAnalysisaboutSoft-startingTheoryofInductionMotorABSTRACTThisarticlefirstelaboratedthealternatingcurrentmachinelinestart,elaboratedthelinestartharmlikeelectricalnetworkimpact,themachineryimpact,toproducesthemachinerytohavetheimpactandsoon,
4、narratedthealternatingcurrentmachinelinestartlimitingcondition;Andthealternatingcurrentmachinelinestartandthesoftstartwillcarryonthecomparison,obtainedthesoftstarttotheelectricalnetworkimpact,thetorquehasattackedsmallalsoreducedtomachineitselfmeritandsoondamage.Nextindetailelabora
5、tedseveralkindofmainalternatingcurrentmachinevoltagedroppingresistorstartprinciple,hasrelatedindetailthesoftstartstartprincipleinthisfoundation,gavehaslimitedflowsthesoftstart,thevoltagepitchstarts,thetorquecontrolstarted,torqueCanadakickedthecontroltostart,voltagecontrolstartands
6、oonseveralstartmethodsanddiagramofcurves,Hasseparatelycarriedontheexplanationtoeachkindofstartwaygoodandbadpoints,hasobtainedthequitegoodstartwayisthevoltagecontrolstarts,thetorquecontrolstartandtorqueCanadakicksthecontrolstart.DrawssupportfromtheMatlab/Simulinktoolboxandtheelectr
7、icalsystemmodulestorehouseoncemore(PowerSystemBlockset)conductsthesimulationresearchtothealternatingcurrentmachinesoftstartprocess,Establishedthethree-phaseACvoltagelinkmodule,thesynchronizedlinkmodule,thepulsehashadthemodule,thethree-phaseACaccentpressedthemodule,theelectricalmac
8、hineryandthesurveymodule,thecurre