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《英語直接引語和間接引語》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在工程資料-天天文庫。
1、直接引語和間接引語（DirectSpeechandindirectSpeech)1直接引語：直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語。間接引語：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫間接引語。間接引語在多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語一般前后要加引號，間接引語不用引號。例如：MrBlacksaid,“I'mbusy”布萊克先生說：“我很忙”（直接引語）MrBlacksaidthathewasbusy.布萊克先生說他很忙。（間接引語）1、直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，用連詞that引導(dǎo)（that在口語中常省略），
2、從句中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等要作相應(yīng)變化。在這一方面，漢語和英語有許多相似之處，因此，在做直接引語和間接引語轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)時，要特別注意句子的意義。1）人稱的變化a)Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”他說：“我非常喜歡它?！盚esaidthathelikeditverymuch.他說他非常喜歡它。b)Hesaidtome,“I'veleftmybookinyourroom.”他對我說：“我把書放在你的房間里了?！盚etoldmethathehadlefthisboo
3、kinmyroom.他告訴我他把書放在我的房間里了。2）時態(tài)的變化如主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，直接引語變間接引語時，從句的謂語動詞在時態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化。如主句的謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在時，從句的時態(tài)則無需變化。時態(tài)的變化例句直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時→一般過去時Hesaid,“I'mafraidIcan'tfinishthiswork.”Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn'tfinishthatwork.現(xiàn)在進行時→過去進行時Hesaid,“I'musingtheknife.”
4、Hesaidthathewasusingtheknife.現(xiàn)在完成時→過去完成時Shesaid,“IhavenotheardfromhimsinceMay.”ShesaidthatshehadnotheardfromhimsinceMay.一般過去時→過去完成Hesaid,“Icametohelpyou.”Hesaidthathehadcometohelpme.過去完成時不變Hesaid,“Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.”Hesaidthathehadfin
5、ishedhishomeworkbeforesupper.3)指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化：變化例句直接引語間接引語this-that這個-那個Shesaid,“Iwillcomethismorning."Shesaidthatshewouldgothatmorning.these-those這些=那些Hesaid,"Thesebooksaremine."Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.now-then現(xiàn)在-那時Hesaid,"Itisnine0'clockno
6、w."Hesaidthatitwasnine0'clockthen.today-thatday今天-那天Hesaid,"Ihaven'tseenhertoday."Hesaidthathehadn'tseenherthatday.yesterday-thedaybefore昨天-前一天shesaid,"Iwentthereyesterday."Shesaidthatshehadgonetherethedaybefore.tomorrow-thenext(following)day明天-第二天she
7、said,"I'llgotheretomorrow."Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethenext(following)day.here-there這里-那里come-go來-去注：（1）直接引語如果是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如：Hesaid,"Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound."Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.(2)如果在當?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here不必改為there,動詞come不必改為g
8、o.如果在當天轉(zhuǎn)述yesterday,tomorrow等時間狀語也不必改變。直接引語變間接引語。見下表。分類連接詞例句注意事項補充說明當直接引語為“陳述句”時連接詞：that（口語中常常省略）Hesays,“Iwillgototheparktomorrow.”--Hesays(that)hewillgototheparktomorrow.Hesaid,“Iwillgototheparktomorrow.”--Hesaid(that)hewouldgototheparktomorro
