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1、苯的摩爾質(zhì)量氯苯的摩爾質(zhì)量X,0.55/78.110.45/112.56+0.55/78.11=0.64XD:0.97/78.110.03/112.56+0.97/78.11=0.980.002/78.110.002/78.11+0.998/112.56=0.003A——全塔的物料衡算1、原料液及塔頂、塔底產(chǎn)品的摩爾分率計(jì)算:Ma=78.1lkg/kmolMb=112.56kg/kmo12、原料液及塔頂、塔底產(chǎn)品的平均摩爾質(zhì)量:Mf=0.36x112.56+(1-0.36)x78.11=90.5
2、1kg/kmolMd=0.02x112.56+(1-0.02)x78.11=78.80Mw=0.997x112.56+(1-0.997)x78.11=112.463、原料液及塔頂?shù)桩a(chǎn)品的摩爾流率依題目給條件:一年以300天,一天以24小時(shí)計(jì)W=30000(t)+300+24=4166.67kg/h物料衡算:原料處理量:4166.6790.51=46.04kmol/h總物料衡算:46.04=D+W苯衡算:0.64x46.04=0.98xD+0.003xW耳關(guān)立求得:D=30.02kmol/hW=1
3、6.02kmol/h塔板數(shù)的確定-、理論版層數(shù)nt的求寫2、求最小回流比及操作回流比采用作圖法求最小回流比。在圖3-1中對(duì)角線上,自點(diǎn)e(0.64,0.64)作垂線#即為進(jìn)料線(7線),該線與平衡線的交點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為yq=0.88,xq=0.64minXD-yqO.98-O.88oyq-Xq0.88-0.64解法求理論版層數(shù)操作回流比選擇2倍最小回流比R=2Rmjn=0.833、求精溜塔的氣、液相負(fù)荷L=RD=0.83X30.02=24.92kmol/hV=(R+l)0=3.84X30.02=54.9
4、4kmol/hL=L+F=24.92+54.94=79.86koml/hV"=V=54.94kmol/h4、求操作線方程翻段操作線方程L,D24.92,30.02non.r,nr,y=-x+—xD=xHX0.98=0.45x+0.54JVVu54.9454.94提餾段操作線方程1LzrWz79.86i16.02154.9454.94y=—x7-—x,=x’-X0.003=1.45x+0.001采用圖解法求理論板層數(shù),如圖所示。求解結(jié)果為總理論板層數(shù)NT=9.5(包括再沸器)進(jìn)料板位置Nf=4:、
5、實(shí)際版層數(shù)的求取1、全塔效率58%2、實(shí)際板層數(shù)N=16精餾段實(shí)際板層數(shù)提餾段實(shí)際板層數(shù)N3/0.58=5.17^65/0.58=8.62^9c---精餾塔的工藝條件及有關(guān)物性數(shù)據(jù)的計(jì)算操作壓力計(jì)塔頂操作壓力PD二101.3+4二105.3kPa每層塔板壓降△P=0.70kPa進(jìn)料板壓力PF=105.3+0.7X6=109.50kPa精餾段平均壓力Pm精=(105.3+109.50)/2-107.40kPa塔底壓力Pw二109.50+0.70X9二115.8kPa提餾段平均壓力Pm^=(115.
6、81+109.50)/2=112.65kPa操作溫度計(jì)算表3-2苯-氯苯安托尼常數(shù)安托尼系數(shù)A巳C苯15.90082788.51?52.36氯苯16.06763295.12-55.60塔頂溫度進(jìn)料板溫度塔底溫度精餾段平均溫度根據(jù)操作壓力,通過泡點(diǎn)方程及安托尼方程計(jì)算,可得tD=82.10°CtF=99.50°Ctw=135.00°Ctm=(82.10+99.50)/2=88.75°C提餾段操作溫度=(99.50+135)72=115.00°C平均摩爾質(zhì)量計(jì)算1、塔頂平均摩爾質(zhì)量計(jì)算由xD=yi=
7、0.98,查平衡曲線,得七=0.93MVDm=0.98x78.11+(1-0.98)x112.56=78.80kg/kmolMLDm=0.93x78.11+(1-0.93)xl12.56=80.52kg/kmol2、進(jìn)料板平均摩爾質(zhì)量計(jì)算查平衡曲線得yF=0.87xF=0.57MVFm=0.87x78.11+(1-0.87)xll2.56=82.60kg/kmolMLFm=0.57x78.11+(1-0.57)xll2.56=92.92kg/kmol3、塔底平均摩爾質(zhì)量計(jì)算查氣液平衡圖。xi=x
8、w=0.003y1=0.032MVWm=0.032x78.11+(1-0.032)x112.56=111.46kg/kmolMVWm=0.003x78.11+(1-0.003)x112.56=112.45kg/kmol4、精溜段平均摩爾質(zhì)量M=(78.80+82.60)/2=80.70kg/molVm革冃(80.52+92.92)/2=86.72kg/molLm精5、提餾段平均摩爾質(zhì)量M=(82.60+111.46)/2=97.03kg/molM=(112.45+92.92)/2=103.55k