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1、-EnglishLiterature——ThebeginningperiodofEnglishliteratureChaucer,thefirstimportantwriterinEnglishhistoryBeowulf,themostimpressivelongpoeminOldEnglish,wascreatedaroundA.D.700;itisbelievedwrittenbyaDanishcleric.14thCEngland,threemajorpoets:GeoffreyChaucer,WilliamLangland,andtheanon
2、ymous“Gawain-poet”ChauceristhefatherofmodernEnglishpoetry.Hisfirstmajorwork:TheBookoftheDuchesshismonumentalsuccess:TheCanterburyTales（砍特博雷故事集）WilliamLangland,“PiersPlowman”SirGawainandtheGreenKnight,oneofthemostoutstandingpoemsinmedievalEnglishliterature,wasnotfocusingonrealhuma
3、nlifeandcharacter.——Thegloryofpoetry:FromSidneytoPopeFivegreatpoets:Shakespeare,Spenser,Sidney,Donne,MiltonPhilipSidney(菲利普·西德尼),bestrepresentedthespiritoftheElizabethAge.Thefamouswords:”Thyneedisgreaterthanmine.”Hismajorachievementasapoet:AstrophelandStellaOthers:DefenseofPoetry
4、(詩(shī)辯),AnApologyforPoetryEdmundSpencer(斯賓塞):TheFaerieQueen(仙后),hisgreatallegoryTheShepheardesCalendar(牧羊人的日記)Amoretti(愛(ài)情小詩(shī))Shakespeare:Sonnets ---representthefinestpoeticcraftsmanshipofElizabethanpoetry.HewasthemostdistinguishedpractitioneroftheEnglishsonnetduringtheElizabethanAge.
5、JohnDonne(多恩)---ametaphysicalpoet(玄學(xué)派);HolySonnetsOthermetaphysicalpoetsofhistime:GeorgeHerbert,RichardCrashaw,HenryVaughanJohnMilton(彌爾頓):ParadiseLostishismasterpieceandoneofthegreatestpoemsinworldliterature.ParadiseRegained,SamsonAgonistes(drama)JohnDryden(德萊頓)asapoet---theneoc
6、lassicists(新古典主義).---AlexanderPope(亞歷山大·薄柏):HebroughttheheroiccoupletHisfirstimportantpoem,AnEssayonCriticismHismostfamouspoem,TheRapeoftheLock——ThegoldenageofEnglishdramaTheElizabethanAgeistheageofsonnets,andtheageofdrama.ChristopherMarlowe(克里斯托弗·馬洛),heisthemostoutstandingdramat
7、istamongthegroup“UniversityWits”.HeisacknowledgedasthegreatesttragedywriterbeforeWilliamShakespeare.TheTragicalHistoryofDoctorEaustus(浮士德醫(yī)生)TheJewofMalta(馬耳他島的猶太人)WilliamShakespeare’sdramaticcareercanbedividedintofourperiodsBenJonson:VolponeortheFox,TheAlchemistJohnWebster:TheWhi
8、teDevilandTheDuchessofMalfi——Thebeautyof
