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1、33目錄摘要21.概述41.1甲醇的性質(zhì)與用途41.2甲醇的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀41.3合成甲醇的目的與意義42.甲醇合成工段設(shè)計52.1甲醇合成方法的選擇52.2甲醇合成反應(yīng)工藝條件的確定83.合成工段工藝計算113.1甲醇合成工段物料衡算113.2甲醇合成工段熱量衡算184.主要設(shè)備的工藝計算和設(shè)備選型234.1甲醇合成塔的設(shè)計選型234.2輔助設(shè)備的選型255.設(shè)計結(jié)果匯總295.1設(shè)計結(jié)果一覽表295.2設(shè)備一覽表295.3符號說明一覽表296.甲醇合成工段安全技術(shù)與環(huán)境保護(hù)296.1有毒物質(zhì)的預(yù)防296.2甲醇的貯藏3
2、07.結(jié)束語318.參考文獻(xiàn)319.致謝3210.附圖3210.1甲醇合成反應(yīng)器結(jié)構(gòu)圖3210.2合成工藝流程圖3210.3設(shè)備平面布置圖323333摘要煤制甲醇生產(chǎn)工藝是一種以煤為原料進(jìn)行甲醇生產(chǎn)的工藝流程。本設(shè)計遵循“技術(shù)先進(jìn),工藝成熟,經(jīng)濟(jì)合理,安全環(huán)保”的原則:結(jié)合甲醇的性質(zhì)特征,采用德國Lurgi公司開發(fā)的低壓合成法,以煤作為原料,進(jìn)行年產(chǎn)65萬噸的甲醇生產(chǎn)的工藝設(shè)計,設(shè)計的主要內(nèi)容是進(jìn)行工藝論證、物料衡算和熱量衡算、工藝計算及設(shè)備設(shè)計選型,并編制了合成反應(yīng)器結(jié)構(gòu)圖,工藝流程圖,設(shè)備平面布置圖等。此外,在設(shè)
3、計中充分考慮環(huán)境保護(hù)和勞動安全,以減少“三廢”排放,加強“三廢”治理,確保安全生產(chǎn),消除并盡可能減少工廠生產(chǎn)對職工的傷害。關(guān)鍵詞:甲醇,合成,工藝設(shè)計3333AbstractMethanol?production?process?is?a?coal?as?feedstock?for?methanol?production?process.?The?design?follows?the?principle?of?"advanced?technology,?mature?process,?economica-l?rati
4、onality,?safety?and?environmental?protection”:accordingtothenatureofthecharacteristicsofthemethanol,using?German??Lurgi?company?has?developed?a?lowpressure?synthesis,?with?coal?as?raw?material,?and?an?annual?output?of?650,000?tons?of?methanol?production?process
5、?design,The?design?of?the?main?content?is?process?demons-tration,?and?the?material?balance?calculations?and?heat?balance?calculations,calculatingof?process?and?selection?of?equipment,andcompiledthesynthesisreactorstructure,processflowdiagram,equipmentlayout,etc
6、.In?addition,?during?the?design?environmental?protection?and?labor?safety?have?beentaken?into?accounts?in?order?to?reduce?the?emissions?of?“three?wastes”,?strengthen?the?treatment?of?“three?wastes",?ensure?the?safe?production,?eliminate?and?minimize?the?damage?
7、of?the?production?by?plant?on?the?workers.Key?words:methanol,synthesis,processdesign33331.概述1.1甲醇的性質(zhì)與用途1.1.1甲醇性質(zhì)甲醇俗稱木醇、木精,分子式CH3OH。是一種無色、透明、易燃、有毒、易揮發(fā)的液體,略帶酒精味;分子量32.04,相對密度0.7914(d420),蒸氣相對密度1.11(空氣=1),熔點-97.8℃,沸點64.7℃,閃點(開杯)16℃,自燃點473℃,折射率(20℃)1.3287,表面張力(25℃)
8、45.05mN/m,蒸氣壓(20℃)12.265kPa,粘度(20℃)0.5945mPa·s。能與水、乙醇、乙醚、苯、酮類和大多數(shù)其他有機溶劑混溶。蒸氣與空氣形成爆炸性混合物,爆炸極限6.0%~36.5﹪(體積比)?;瘜W(xué)性質(zhì)較活潑,能發(fā)生氧化、酯化、羰基化等化學(xué)反應(yīng)。1.1.2甲醇用途甲醇是重要有機化工原料和優(yōu)質(zhì)燃料,廣泛應(yīng)用于精細(xì)化工,塑料,