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1、飛機(jī)超音速氣動(dòng)彈性問(wèn)題摘要為研究溫度環(huán)境對(duì)超音速飛行器氣動(dòng)彈性特征的影響,以典型翼面為分析模型,施加瞬態(tài)溫度載荷,對(duì)熱載荷下翼面的固有頻率、振型和和顫振臨界速度進(jìn)行分析,比較溫度梯度產(chǎn)生的熱應(yīng)力及溫度升高導(dǎo)致的材料性能下降對(duì)翼面振動(dòng)和顫振特征的影響,并探討不同溫度分布載荷下翼面振動(dòng)的敏感性。隨著高速及超高速飛行器的發(fā)展，嚴(yán)重的氣動(dòng)加熱使空天飛行器不可避免地遭遇“熱障”問(wèn)題，熱效應(yīng)在氣動(dòng)彈性方面的重要性日漸突出。在高溫條件下，材料的強(qiáng)度極限和彈性模量降低，結(jié)構(gòu)剛度特性下降，同時(shí)在快速加熱條件下，結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部形成較大溫度梯度，產(chǎn)生附加的熱應(yīng)力。氣動(dòng)彈性力學(xué)
2、研究的是結(jié)構(gòu)與作用其上的空氣動(dòng)力之間相互耦合而產(chǎn)生的各種動(dòng)力學(xué)問(wèn)題。如顫振等不穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)象,能導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)在較短時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)散而破壞,是現(xiàn)在飛行器設(shè)計(jì)所必需考慮的問(wèn)題。引入主動(dòng)控制技術(shù)以后,又延伸到結(jié)構(gòu)-氣動(dòng)-控制更多物理場(chǎng)耦合的復(fù)雜問(wèn)題。關(guān)鍵字：超音速氣動(dòng)彈性控制律熱氣動(dòng)彈性模態(tài)顫振溫度載荷ABSTRACTMicroairvehiclewasanewclassofaircraftwhichdevelopedinthelastcentury,90years.Nowisalsoanimportantaircraftresearchdirectioninbot
3、hDomesticandinternationalaviation.Ithasmanybenefits,suchassmallsize,lightweight,portable,lowcost.Soithasbroadapplicationprospects.FlexiblewingmicroairvehicleisexpectedtoincreaseMAV’swindresistancebythedeformationofthestructure.Thispaperstartsfromasimplifiedmodeloftheflexiblewi
4、ng.Theguststreamisdividedintothreedirections,andtherootcausesofflexiblewinganti-gustarestudied.Thenthestructurallayoutoftheflexiblewingisdividedintofourtypicalcategories,andfiniteelementmodelsofthosetypicalflexiblewingswereestablished,andthebendingandtorsiondeformationsofthese
5、typicalflexiblewingsunderauniformdistributingforcewerecalculatedsubsequently.Comparisonsoffiniteelementresultsshowthatthelongitudinalstructurallayoutisbest.Inordertoeliminatetheeffectofdeformationofcompositeflexiblewingoncruisepropertiesofmicroairvehicle,thepre-deformationispr
6、oposedtosolvethecruiseliftproblems.Finally,afiniteelementanalysiswasperformedtovalidatethewindresistanceofproposedflexiblewingmicroairvehicle,anditsvibrationpropertiesandlandingsafetyalsowereanalyzed.Researchresultsshowthattheflexiblewingcanincreasetheaircraft'swindresistance,
7、anditmakesmicroairvehicleaircraftmoreresponsivetochangingexternalconditions,andreducetheconstraintsofexternalfactorsontheaircraft,andmoreimportantfortheimprovementofaircraftsurvivability.KEYWORDS：MAV，F(xiàn)lexiblewing，Compositematerials，Windresistance1引言高超聲速飛行器是指飛行馬赫數(shù)大于5的飛行器，它是一種近空
8、間飛行器?！敖臻g”可簡(jiǎn)單理解為：現(xiàn)有飛機(jī)飛行的最高高度（約20Km）和衛(wèi)星運(yùn)行軌道的最低高度（約100Km）間的空域。近
