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1、TheCarnbridgeCompaniontoSaussureEdìtedbyCaro1SandersCAMBRIDGEUNTVERSITYPRESSlSaussureandIndo-EuropeanlinguisticsAnnaMorpurgoDaviesSaussureasseenbyhiscontemporariesIn1908theLinguisticSocietyofParis(SociétéLinguistiquedeParis)dedicatedavolumeofMélangestoFerdinanddeSa
2、ussure,thenagedfiftyandprofessorattheUniversityofGeneva(Saussure,1908).Averybriefandunsignedprefacestatedthat,sincethefewyearsthathehadspentinParisbetween1881and1891hadbeendecisiveforthedevelopmentofFrenchlinguistics,theSocietywashappytodedicatetohimoneofthefirstvo
3、lumesofitsnewseries.TheSocietyalsowishedtothanktheeminentSwisslinguistswhohadjoinedSaussure'searlierpupilsinpayingtheirrespectstotheauthoroftheMémoiresurlesystèmeprimitifdesvoyellesenindo-européen.Twothingsarenowstrikingeveni€theywerenotsoatthetirne.First,noattempt
4、wasmadeintheprefaceorelsewheretodistinguishbetweenthetwomainactivitiesofSaussure:teachingandresearchincomparativeandhistoricallinguistics(grammairecomparée)andteachingandresearchingenera1ortheoreticallinguistics.Secondlythearticlescollectedinthevolumewereall,withon
5、eexception,articlesinIndo-Europeancomparativelinguistics.TheyincludeworkbyestablishedscholarsofconsiderablefamelikeAntoineMeilletinParisorJacobWackernagelinBasle,butthesewerehistoricdandcomparativelinguistsratherthantheoreticallinguists.Theoneexceptionisapaperbyone
6、ofSaussure'spupilsandcolleagues,indeedoneoftheeditorsoftheCours,AlbertSechehaye,whodiscussestheroleofstylisticsinihetheoryoflanguage.YetSaussure'scurrentfameistiedtohisviewsontheoreticallinguistics.liSaussureasacomparativistIfSaussure'scontemporarieshadbeenasked,th
7、eywouldhavesimpwcalledhimalinguistsincehistoricalandcomparativelinguistics(oftenidentifiedwithIndo-Europeanstudies)wastheprevailingformoflinguisticsatthetime.Indeedal1theworkthatSaussurepublishedinhislifetime,andwhichwascollectedposthumouslyinasinglevolume(Saussure
8、,1922)concernedproblemsofIndo-European,andfittedinthetraditionofhistoricalandcomparativeworkwhich10AnnaMorpurgoDavies3hadstartedattht5beginningof
