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《運(yùn)用分子標(biāo)記對(duì)棉花的纖維品質(zhì)及纖維品質(zhì)育種研究》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在工程資料-天天文庫(kù)。
1、運(yùn)用分子標(biāo)記對(duì)棉花的纖維品質(zhì)及纖維品質(zhì)育種研究Theuseofmolecularmarkersandfiberqualityofcottonfiberqualitybreeding摘耍:棉花是世界上最重要的天然纖維作物。棉纖維是重要的紡織工業(yè)原料,絕大多數(shù)商品棉由四倍體栽培種陸地棉和海島棉生產(chǎn),其中陸地棉韋90%以上。隨著紡織技術(shù)的不斷改進(jìn)以及人民生活水平的提高,對(duì)棉花纖維品質(zhì)的要求也越來(lái)越高。如何在捉高陸地棉品種產(chǎn)量的同時(shí),迅速改良纖維品質(zhì),培育出大面積播種的高品質(zhì)棉花品種,是大多說(shuō)棉花研究者的目標(biāo),也是廣大人民的期望?,F(xiàn)代DNA標(biāo)
2、記技術(shù)的發(fā)展,為育種者提供了一種快速、準(zhǔn)確的選擇方法。通過(guò)對(duì)棉花高品質(zhì)纖維基因的分子標(biāo)記篩選,利用與纖維品質(zhì)QTL緊密連鎖的分子標(biāo)記進(jìn)行輔助選擇,有助于捉高我國(guó)棉花品種的纖維品質(zhì)水平。本研究借助多態(tài)性穩(wěn)定的SSR標(biāo)記,利用仲棉所35X渝棉1號(hào))F2群體,構(gòu)建陸地棉遺傳連鎖圖譜,進(jìn)行纖維品質(zhì)性狀QTL定位【1】。還介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)外利用克隆出的棉纖維發(fā)育基因以及外源基因開(kāi)展棉纖維品質(zhì)改良的轉(zhuǎn)基因育種棉纖維優(yōu)質(zhì)基因的分子標(biāo)記篩選和輔助選擇育種。同時(shí),根據(jù)我國(guó)目前棉花品種品質(zhì)水平、生產(chǎn)狀況,捉出了棉花品質(zhì)育種策略【2】。關(guān)鍵詞:棉花、分子標(biāo)記、纖
3、維品質(zhì)、QTL、育種Abstract:Cottonistheworld'smostimportantnaturalfibercrops?Cottonfiberisanimportantrawmaterialoftextileindustry,thevastmajorityofgoodsfromthetetrapioidcultivarsofuplandcottonandSeaIslandcottonproduction,whichaccountedfor90%ofuplandcotton.Withthecontinuousimprov
4、ementoftextiletechnologyandpeople'slivingstandardsimprove,thequalityofcottonfiberdemandmoreandmore.Howtoimprovetheyieldofuplandcottonvarietiesatthesametime,therapidimprovementoffiberquality,cultivatedalargeareaofhigh-qualitycottonvarietiesplanted,mostofthatcottonisthego
5、aloftheresearchers,butalsothepeople'sexpectations?ThedevelopmentofmodernDNAmarkersforbreedersprovidesafastandaccurateselection.High-qualitycottonfiberbyMolecularMarkers,andfiberqualityQTLusingmolecularmarkerstightlylinkedtoassistedselectionwillhelpimprovethefiberquality
6、ofcottonvarietieslevel.TheSSRmarkerswithpolymorphismofstability,theuseof(CCRI35XYumian1)F2population,constructionofgeneticlinkagemapofuplandcotton,thefiberqualitytraitsQTLpositioning【1】?Alsointroducedthedomesticuseofcottonfiberdevelopmentclonedgenesandforeigngenestocarr
7、youtqualityimprovementofcottonfibercottonfiberqualityoftransgenicbreedingmolecularmarkersandgeneassistedselection.Meanwhile,accordingtothequalitylevelofthecurrentcottonvarieties,productionstatus,qualityofcottonbreedingstrategiesproposed【2】.Keywords:Cotton,molecularmarke
8、rs,fiberquality,QTL,breeding棉花是世界上最重耍的天然纖維作物。經(jīng)過(guò)人類馴化,棉屬51個(gè)種有4個(gè)棉種可生產(chǎn)紡織用纖維,其中,四倍體陸地棉和海島棉分別山世界棉花產(chǎn)量的90%和8%左右。然而,作為紡