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1、淺談城市濕地生態(tài)的保護(hù)?綠色環(huán)保論文摘要:群力外灘濕地是哈爾濱松花江沿線重要濕地之一,對(duì)調(diào)蓄松花江江洪水、涵養(yǎng)水源、候鳥(niǎo)與濕地多樣性保護(hù)等具有重要意義,隨著哈爾濱經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,濕地保護(hù)、恢復(fù)已刻不容緩。文中在對(duì)群力外灘濕地主要生態(tài)功能、生態(tài)環(huán)境問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析評(píng)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了該濕地生態(tài)保護(hù)的對(duì)策。Abstract:wewetlandisoneoftheimportantwetlandsofHarbinsonghuariveralongthebund,toregulateJiangHongshuisonghuariver,waterconservation,m
2、igratorybirds,andisofgreatsignificancefortheprotectionofwetlandbiodiversity,withHarbineconomicdevelopment,wetlandprotectionandrecoveryareimperative.Ofwethebundisthewetlandecologicalfunctions,ecologicalenvironmentproblems,onthebasisoftheanalysisandevaluationofthewetlandecologicalp
3、rotectioncountermeasuresareputforward?1引言1introduction濕地與森林、海洋并稱為全球三大生態(tài)系統(tǒng),是自然界最富生物多樣性的生態(tài)景觀和人類最重要的生存環(huán)境之一。濕地具有抵御洪水、調(diào)節(jié)氣候、涵養(yǎng)水源、凈化水體、維持生物的多樣性等多種生態(tài)功能。在各種類型的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中,濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)價(jià)值最高。Wetlandsandforests,oceansandcalledtheworld'sthreebigecosystem,isoneofnature'smostrichbiologicaldiversityofthee
4、cologicallandscapeandoneofthemostimportantlivingenvironmentofmankind.Wetlandhasfloodcontrol,regulatingclimate,waterconservation,purifyingwaterbody,maintainingbiodiversityandsoonthemanykindsofecologicalfunction.Invarioustypesofecosystem,thewetlandecosystemservicevalueofthehighest.
5、群力外灘是哈爾濱市區(qū)唯一的自然狀態(tài)濕地,經(jīng)過(guò)城市不斷的向外擴(kuò)展以及人口的增加,并受人為因素干擾,部分已被開(kāi)墾為農(nóng)田,濕地機(jī)能遭到嚴(yán)重破壞。為了促進(jìn)城市健康發(fā)展、可持續(xù)發(fā)展,對(duì)該濕地的保護(hù)、恢復(fù)工作已刻不容緩。Wethebundistheonlywetland,thenaturalstateofHarbincityafterthecity'soutwardexpansionandtheincreaseofpopulation,andinterferencebyhumanfactors,theparthasbeenconvertedforfarmland,s
6、eriousdestructionofwetlandfunction.Inordertopromotethehealthydevelopmentofthecity,thesustainabledevelopmentofthewetlandprotectionandrecovery,workisurgent.2國(guó)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)比較與借鑒2theinternationalcomparisonanddrawlessonsfromexperience2.1Germanymorhaimecitywetlandprotection他們以“讓河流做自己的事”為理念,用更自然化
7、的手段來(lái)達(dá)到防洪、環(huán)境改善、生態(tài)修復(fù)等多重長(zhǎng)效作用。通過(guò)重建緩沖帶、增設(shè)與河道垂直的開(kāi)口、鼓勵(lì)小規(guī)模泛洪、控制洪水淹沒(méi)范圍等手段,不僅可以培育河濱生境,逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)河道半自然化;而且可以減低洪水累計(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),減少洪水危害。該項(xiàng)目由堤防后退1.3km獲得2.02km2土于田,作為泛洪用地,并在號(hào)田內(nèi)開(kāi)辟了3?5hm2林地,提升了滯洪空間的景觀和休憩價(jià)值。Themto"lettheriversdoyourownthing"fortheidea,withamorenaturalwaytoachievefloodcontrol,environmentalimprovem
8、ent,ecologicalrestorationandotherlong-te